Vulnerabilities in pkg:maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina
PACKAGECVE-2023-46589 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) apache tomcat improper input validation vulnerability (CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')) affecting Apache Tomcat libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves apache tomcat improper input validation vulnerability. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 11.0.0-M11, 10.1.16, 9.0.83, 8.5.96.
pkg:maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina
Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.
| Advisory ID | CVE / NVD | Severity | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76 | CVE-2023-46589 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat Improper Input Validation vulnerability |
| GHSA-h3x4-894j-xpx5 | CVE-2026-68525 | CRITICAL | Apache Tomcat's FORM authentication process has an Incorrect Authorization vulnerability |
| GHSA-9xv2-5v5q-p794 | CVE-2026-65905 | CRITICAL | Apache Tomcat's DIGEST authenticator has an Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability |
| GHSA-gcx9-497g-6cp6 | CVE-2026-65182 | CRITICAL | Apache Tomcat has an Improper Access Control, Incorrect Authorization vulnerability |
| GHSA-344f-f5vg-2jfj | CVE-2020-9484 | HIGH | Potential remote code execution in Apache Tomcat |
| GHSA-23hv-mwm6-g8jf | CVE-2025-55668 | MODERATE | Apache Tomcat Session Fixation vulnerability |
| GHSA-hfrx-6qgj-fp6c | CVE-2023-24998 | HIGH | Apache Commons FileUpload denial of service vulnerability |
| GHSA-jjpq-gp5q-8q6w | CVE-2019-0221 | MODERATE | Cross-site scripting in Apache Tomcat |
| GHSA-g8pj-r55q-5c2v | CVE-2023-42795 | MODERATE | Apache Tomcat Incomplete Cleanup vulnerability |
| GHSA-q3mw-pvr8-9ggc | CVE-2023-41080 | MODERATE | Apache Tomcat Open Redirect vulnerability |
| GHSA-5m62-pw8w-7w9f | CVE-2026-43515 | CRITICAL | Apache Tomcat - Security constraints not correctly applied |
| GHSA-9m89-8frq-c98c | CVE-2026-43514 | LOW | Apache Tomcat - AJP secret compared in non-constant time |
| GHSA-h6fc-48rj-7qqh | CVE-2026-43512 | CRITICAL | Apache Tomcat - Digest authenticator will authenticate any unknown user |
| GHSA-5mp6-jrq3-r938 | CVE-2026-43513 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat: LockOutRealm treats user names as case-sensitive |
| GHSA-fv25-8xcx-gqjc | CVE-2026-42498 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat - WebSocket authentication header exposure |
| GHSA-gx5v-xp9w-j4cg | CVE-2026-41284 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat: Unbounded read in WebDAV LOCK and PROPFIND handling |
| GHSA-hgrr-935x-pq79 | CVE-2025-61795 | LOW | Apache Tomcat Vulnerable to Improper Resource Shutdown or Release |
| GHSA-wmwf-9ccg-fff5 | CVE-2025-55752 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat Vulnerable to Relative Path Traversal |
| GHSA-vfww-5hm6-hx2j | CVE-2025-55754 | LOW | Apache Tomcat Vulnerable to Improper Neutralization of Escape, Meta, or Control Sequences |
| GHSA-rv64-5gf8-9qq8 | CVE-2026-34483 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat has an Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability in the JsonAccessLogValve |
| GHSA-9m3c-qcxr-9x87 | CVE-2026-25854 | MODERATE | Apache Tomcat has an Open Redirect vulnerability |
| GHSA-wr62-c79q-cv37 | CVE-2025-52520 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat Catalina is vulnerable to DoS attack through bypassing of size limits |
| GHSA-2c9m-w27f-53rm | CVE-2023-28708 | MODERATE | Apache Tomcat vulnerable to Unprotected Transport of Credentials |
| GHSA-wc4r-xq3c-5cf3 | CVE-2025-49125 | MODERATE | Apache Tomcat - Security constraint bypass for pre/post-resources |
| GHSA-h2fw-rfh5-95r3 | CVE-2025-46701 | LOW | Apache Tomcat - CGI security constraint bypass |
| GHSA-ff77-26x5-69cr | CVE-2025-31651 | LOW | Apache Tomcat Rewrite rule bypass |
| GHSA-27hp-xhwr-wr2m | CVE-2024-56337 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability |
| GHSA-h3gc-qfqq-6h8f | CVE-2025-48988 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat - DoS in multipart upload |
| GHSA-5j33-cvvr-w245 | CVE-2024-50379 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability |
| GHSA-xcpr-7mr4-h4xq | CVE-2024-52316 | CRITICAL | Apache Tomcat - Authentication Bypass |
| GHSA-42wg-hm62-jcwg | CVE-2025-49124 | MODERATE | Apache Tomcat installer for Windows has an untrusted search path vulnerability |
| GHSA-83qj-6fr2-vhqg | CVE-2025-24813 | CRITICAL | Apache Tomcat: Potential RCE and/or information disclosure and/or information corruption with partial PUT |
| GHSA-cw54-59pw-4g8c | CVE-2016-8735 | CRITICAL | Apache Tomcat Improper Access Control vulnerability |
| GHSA-xjgh-84hx-56c5 | CVE-2017-12617 | HIGH | Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type Apache Tomcat |
| GHSA-prc3-7f44-w48j | CVE-2014-0119 | MODERATE | Missing XML Validation in Apache Tomcat |
| GHSA-qprx-q2r7-3rx6 | CVE-2014-0096 | MODERATE | Improper Input Validation in Apache Tomcat |
| GHSA-rq2w-37h9-vg94 | CVE-2022-45143 | HIGH | Apache Tomcat improperly escapes input from JsonErrorReportValve |
| GHSA-3vx3-xf6q-r5xp | CVE-2017-5648 | CRITICAL | Exposure of Resource to Wrong Sphere in Apache Tomcat |
| GHSA-v646-rx6w-r3qq | CVE-2016-5388 | HIGH | Improper Access Control in Apache Tomcat |
| GHSA-9xrj-439h-62hg | CVE-2012-5886 | MODERATE | Improper Authentication in Apache Tomcat |
| GHSA-8qq4-8jvq-mfw4 | CVE-2017-12616 | HIGH | Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor in Apache Tomcat |
CVE-2023-46589 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 7.5
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).
How to Fix CVE-2023-46589
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Apache Tomcat dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
<version>11.0.0-M11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
<version>10.1.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
<version>9.0.83</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
<version>8.5.96</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
<version>11.0.0-M11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
<version>10.1.16</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
<version>9.0.83</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
<version>8.5.96</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
<version>11.0.0-M11</version>
</dependency>
Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat
How to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2023-46589, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat
Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Apache Tomcat in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 11.0.0-M11), your application is affected.
Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling'), where the product acts as an intermediary http agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed http requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination. In Apache Tomcat, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2023-46589 Affected Apache Tomcat Versions
9 component(s)| Product / Package | Ecosystem | Affected Versions | Fixed Version |
|---|---|---|---|
|
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina
|
Maven |
≥ 11.0.0-M1
< 11.0.0-M11
|
11.0.0-M11
|
|
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina
|
Maven |
≥ 10.1.0-M1
< 10.1.16
|
10.1.16
|
|
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina
|
Maven |
≥ 9.0.0-M1
< 9.0.83
|
9.0.83
|
|
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina
|
Maven |
≥ 8.5.0
< 8.5.96
|
8.5.96
|
|
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
|
Maven |
≥ 11.0.0-M1
< 11.0.0-M11
|
11.0.0-M11
|
|
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
|
Maven |
≥ 10.1.0-M1
< 10.1.16
|
10.1.16
|
|
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
|
Maven |
≥ 9.0.0-M1
< 9.0.83
|
9.0.83
|
|
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
|
Maven |
≥ 8.5.0
< 8.5.96
|
8.5.96
|
|
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
|
Maven |
≥ 11.0.0-M1
< 11.0.0-M11
|
11.0.0-M11
|
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2023-46589?
Which Apache Tomcat versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2023-46589?
Is tomcat-catalina affected?
Is tomcat-embed-core affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-46589?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-46589?
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2023-46589?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-fccv-jmmp-qg76",
"modified" : "2026-10-02T20:14:53Z",
"published" : "2023-11-28T18:30:23Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-46589" ],
"summary" : "Apache Tomcat Improper Input Validation vulnerability",
"details" : "Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Tomcat from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.0-M10, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.15, from 9.0.0-M1 through 9.0.82, and from 8.5.0 through 8.5.95 did not correctly parse HTTP trailer headers. A trailer header that exceeded the header size limit could cause Tomcat to treat a single request as multiple requests leading to the possibility of request smuggling when behind a reverse proxy. Older, EOL versions may also be affected.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.0-M11 onwards, 10.1.16 onwards, 9.0.83 onwards or 8.5.96 onwards, which fix the issue.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "11.0.0-M1"
}, {
"fixed" : "11.0.0-M11"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "10.1.0-M1"
}, {
"fixed" : "10.1.16"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "9.0.0-M1"
}, {
"fixed" : "9.0.83"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "8.5.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "8.5.96"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "11.0.0-M1"
}, {
"fixed" : "11.0.0-M11"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "10.1.0-M1"
}, {
"fixed" : "10.1.16"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "9.0.0-M1"
}, {
"fixed" : "9.0.83"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "8.5.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "8.5.96"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "11.0.0-M1"
}, {
"fixed" : "11.0.0-M11"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46589"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/6f181e1062a472bc5f0234980f66cbde42c1041b"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/7a2d8818fcea0b51747a67af9510ce7977245ebd"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/aa92971e879a519384c517febc39fd04c48d4642"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/b5776d769bffeade865061bc8ecbeb2b56167b08"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://lists.apache.org/thread/0rqq6ktozqc42ro8hhxdmmdjm1k1tpxr"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/01/msg00001.html"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20231214-0009"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://tomcat.apache.org/security-10.html"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://tomcat.apache.org/security-11.html"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://tomcat.apache.org/security-8.html"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://tomcat.apache.org/security-9.html"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/11/28/2"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/11/28/2"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-20", "CWE-444" ],
"severity" : "HIGH",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2023-11-28T23:28:54Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2023-11-28T16:15:06Z"
}
}