CVE-2025-52520: Apache Tomcat Denial of Service Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-wr62-c79q-cv37
Share
CVSS 7.5
CWE-190
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-52520 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) denial of service vulnerability (CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound) affecting Apache Tomcat libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves apache tomcat catalina is vulnerable to dos attack through bypassing of size limits. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 11.0.9, 10.1.43, 9.0.107.

CVE-2025-52520 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-52520
GHSA Identifier GHSA-wr62-c79q-cv37
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
Affected Product Apache Tomcat
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-52520

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Apache Tomcat dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina fixed: 11.0.9 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
    <version>11.0.9</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina fixed: 10.1.43 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
    <version>10.1.43</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina fixed: 9.0.107 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
    <version>9.0.107</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina fixed: Latest secure release 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-catalina</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core fixed: 11.0.9 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
    <version>11.0.9</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core fixed: 10.1.43 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
    <version>10.1.43</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core fixed: 9.0.107 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
    <version>9.0.107</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core fixed: Latest secure release 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-52520, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Apache Tomcat in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 11.0.9), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound, where the product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. this occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. when this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number. In Apache Tomcat, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

For some unlikely configurations of multipart upload, an Integer Overflow vulnerability in Apache Tomcat could lead to a DoS via bypassing of size limits. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.8, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.42, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.106. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 through 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.9, 10.1.43 or 9.0.107, which fix the issue.

CVE-2025-52520 Affected Apache Tomcat Versions

8 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
11.0.910.1.439.0.107
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina
Maven
≥ 11.0.0-M1
< 11.0.9
11.0.9
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina
Maven
≥ 10.1.0-M1
< 10.1.43
10.1.43
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina
Maven
≥ 9.0.0.M1
< 9.0.107
9.0.107
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-catalina
Maven
≥ 8.5.0
≤ 8.5.100
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
maven/org.apache.tomcat.embed/tomcat-embed-core
Maven
≥ 11.0.0-M1
< 11.0.9
11.0.9
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
maven/org.apache.tomcat.embed/tomcat-embed-core
Maven
≥ 10.1.0-M1
< 10.1.43
10.1.43
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
maven/org.apache.tomcat.embed/tomcat-embed-core
Maven
≥ 9.0.0.M1
< 9.0.107
9.0.107
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
maven/org.apache.tomcat.embed/tomcat-embed-core
Maven
≥ 8.5.0
≤ 8.5.100

References

NVD — CVE-2025-52520 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52520
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/927d66fbc294cb65242102b817a45fd80834e040
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/a51e4bedccfafd35b7cdd0ee3e22267dee9f90db
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/fc42bbccb9041fafd194fbfdf3eab1d44cb5c45c
Apache Tomcat Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/apache/tomcat
lists.apache.org/thread/trqq01bbxw6c... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread/trqq01bbxw6c92zx69kx2mw2qgmfy0o5
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00009.html
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/10/12

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-52520?
CVE-2025-52520 is a security vulnerability in Apache Tomcat involving Apache Tomcat Catalina is vulnerable to DoS attack through bypassing of size limits under CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound.
Which Apache Tomcat versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 11.0.9, 10.1.43, 9.0.107 across affected packages: org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina, org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core.
What version fixes CVE-2025-52520?
Upgrading to 11.0.9, 10.1.43, 9.0.107 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is tomcat-catalina affected?
Yes, org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina is affected in releases prior to 11.0.9, 10.1.43, 9.0.107, Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to 11.0.9, 10.1.43, 9.0.107, Latest secure release or later.
Is tomcat-embed-core affected?
Yes, org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core is affected in releases prior to 11.0.9, 10.1.43, 9.0.107, Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to 11.0.9, 10.1.43, 9.0.107, Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-52520?
CVE-2025-52520 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-52520?
CVE-2025-52520 is classified under CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound (The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-52520?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-wr62-c79q-cv37",
  "modified" : "2026-03-06T21:44:13Z",
  "published" : "2025-07-10T21:31:52Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-52520" ],
  "summary" : "Apache Tomcat Catalina is vulnerable to DoS attack through bypassing of size limits",
  "details" : "For some unlikely configurations of multipart upload, an Integer Overflow vulnerability in Apache Tomcat could lead to a DoS via bypassing of size limits.\n\nThis issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.8, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.42, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.106. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 through 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.9, 10.1.43 or 9.0.107, which fix the issue.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "11.0.0-M1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "11.0.9"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "10.1.0-M1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "10.1.43"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "9.0.0.M1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "9.0.107"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "8.5.0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "8.5.100"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "11.0.0-M1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "11.0.9"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "10.1.0-M1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "10.1.43"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "9.0.0.M1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "9.0.107"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "8.5.0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "8.5.100"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52520"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/927d66fbc294cb65242102b817a45fd80834e040"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/a51e4bedccfafd35b7cdd0ee3e22267dee9f90db"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/fc42bbccb9041fafd194fbfdf3eab1d44cb5c45c"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apache/tomcat"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.apache.org/thread/trqq01bbxw6c92zx69kx2mw2qgmfy0o5"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00009.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/10/12"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-190" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-07-11T13:47:50Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-07-10T19:15:25Z"
  }
}