Vulnerabilities in pkg:npm/next

PACKAGE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-94544 is a MODERATE (CVSS 4.2) pending `use cache` fill can vulnerability (CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information) affecting Next libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves pending `use cache` fill can leak draft mode content into regular responses and persisted pages. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 16.3.8.

73 Known Advisory Record(s)
Package Vulnerability Intelligence

pkg:npm/next

73 Known Advisory Record(s)

Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:npm/next. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.

Advisory ID CVE / NVD Severity Summary
GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7 CVE-2026-94544 MODERATE Next.js: Pending `use cache` fill can leak Draft Mode content into regular responses and persisted pages
GHSA-4jqv-mc3x-m676 CVE-2026-94543 MODERATE Next.js has cache poisoning of SSG and ISR pages in self-hosted applications
GHSA-39w2-rjm5-chcv CVE-2026-94486 LOW Next.js has information disclosure in development server's Model Context Protocol endpoint
GHSA-f87g-xv8r-7p7x CVE-2026-94485 MODERATE Next.js has information disclosure in App Router metadata image routes via dynamicParams bypass
GHSA-mcj8-r9mp-w47p CVE-2026-94484 MODERATE Next.js has cache poisoning in SSG/ISR rendering that leads to cross-user content substitution and persistent denial of service
GHSA-cjq9-62q9-8jv4 CVE-2026-94483 HIGH Next.js has Server-Side Request Forgery in Image Optimization
GHSA-vcvr-r3jv-pc5j - CRITICAL Next.js: Remote Code Execution in next/og ImageResponse
GHSA-2xp9-vwfh-vxw4 - CRITICAL Next.js: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution in Image Optimization API when AVIF files are used
GHSA-p293-qw3h-jr36 CVE-2026-75604 CRITICAL Next.js: Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution on windows-hosted servers
GHSA-89xv-2m56-2m9x CVE-2026-64649 HIGH Next.js: Server-Side Request Forgery in Server Actions on custom servers
GHSA-68g3-v927-f742 CVE-2026-64648 MODERATE Next.js: Cache confusion of response bodies for requests with bodies
GHSA-4633-3j49-mh5q CVE-2026-64647 MODERATE Next.js: Cache confusion of response bodies for requests with bodies containing invalid UTF-8 byte sequences
GHSA-4c39-4ccg-62r3 CVE-2026-64646 MODERATE Next.js: Unbounded Server Action payload in Edge runtime
GHSA-p9j2-gv94-2wf4 CVE-2026-64645 HIGH Next.js: Server-Side Request Forgery in rewrites via attacker-controlled destination hostname
GHSA-q8wf-6r8g-63ch CVE-2026-64644 MODERATE Next.js: Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API using SVGs
GHSA-955p-x3mx-jcvp CVE-2026-64643 MODERATE Next.js: Unauthenticated disclosure of internal Server Function endpoints
GHSA-6gpp-xcg3-4w24 CVE-2026-64642 HIGH Next.js: Middleware / Proxy bypass in App Router applications using Turbopack and single locale
GHSA-m99w-x7hq-7vfj CVE-2026-64641 HIGH Next.js: Denial of Service in App Router using Server Actions
GHSA-26hh-7cqf-hhc6 CVE-2026-45109 HIGH Next.js has a Middleware / Proxy bypass in App Router applications via segment-prefetch routes - Incomplete Fix Follow-Up
GHSA-ffhc-5mcf-pf4q CVE-2026-44581 MODERATE Next.js vulnerable to cross-site scripting in App Router applications using CSP nonces
GHSA-vfv6-92ff-j949 CVE-2026-44582 LOW Next.js vulnerable to cache poisoning via collisions in React Server Component cache-busting
GHSA-gx5p-jg67-6x7h CVE-2026-44580 MODERATE Next.js has cross-site scripting in beforeInteractive scripts with untrusted input
GHSA-mg66-mrh9-m8jx CVE-2026-44579 HIGH Next.js vulnerable to Denial of Service via connection exhaustion in applications using Cache Components
GHSA-c4j6-fc7j-m34r CVE-2026-44578 HIGH Next.js vulnerable to server-side request forgery in applications using WebSocket upgrades
GHSA-h64f-5h5j-jqjh CVE-2026-44577 MODERATE Next.js has a Denial of Service in the Image Optimization API
GHSA-wfc6-r584-vfw7 CVE-2026-44576 MODERATE Next.js vulnerable to cache poisoning in React Server Component responses
GHSA-267c-6grr-h53f CVE-2026-44575 HIGH Next.js has a Middleware / Proxy bypass in App Router applications via segment-prefetch routes
GHSA-492v-c6pp-mqqv CVE-2026-44574 HIGH Next.js has a Middleware / Proxy bypass through dynamic route parameter injection
GHSA-36qx-fr4f-26g5 CVE-2026-44573 HIGH Next.js has a Middleware / Proxy bypass in Pages Router applications using i18n
GHSA-3g8h-86w9-wvmq CVE-2026-44572 LOW Next.js's Middleware / Proxy redirects can be cache-poisoned
GHSA-8h8q-6873-q5fj - HIGH Next.js Vulnerable to Denial of Service with Server Components
GHSA-q4gf-8mx6-v5v3 - HIGH Next.js has a Denial of Service with Server Components
GHSA-5f7q-jpqc-wp7h CVE-2025-59472 MODERATE Next.js has Unbounded Memory Consumption via PPR Resume Endpoint
GHSA-jcc7-9wpm-mj36 CVE-2026-27977 LOW Next.js: null origin can bypass dev HMR websocket CSRF checks
GHSA-3x4c-7xq6-9pq8 CVE-2026-27980 MODERATE Next.js: Unbounded next/image disk cache growth can exhaust storage
GHSA-h27x-g6w4-24gq CVE-2026-27979 MODERATE Next.js: Unbounded postponed resume buffering can lead to DoS
GHSA-mq59-m269-xvcx CVE-2026-27978 MODERATE Next.js: null origin can bypass Server Actions CSRF checks
GHSA-ggv3-7p47-pfv8 CVE-2026-29057 MODERATE Next.js: HTTP request smuggling in rewrites
GHSA-f82v-jwr5-mffw CVE-2025-29927 CRITICAL Authorization Bypass in Next.js Middleware
GHSA-h25m-26qc-wcjf - HIGH Next.js HTTP request deserialization can lead to DoS when using insecure React Server Components
GHSA-9g9p-9gw9-jx7f CVE-2025-59471 MODERATE Next.js self-hosted applications vulnerable to DoS via Image Optimizer remotePatterns configuration
GHSA-5j59-xgg2-r9c4 - HIGH Next has a Denial of Service with Server Components - Incomplete Fix Follow-Up
GHSA-w37m-7fhw-fmv9 - MODERATE Next Server Actions Source Code Exposure
GHSA-mwv6-3258-q52c - HIGH Next Vulnerable to Denial of Service with Server Components
GHSA-9qr9-h5gf-34mp - CRITICAL Next.js is vulnerable to RCE in React flight protocol
GHSA-223j-4rm8-mrmf CVE-2025-30218 LOW Next.js may leak x-middleware-subrequest-id to external hosts
GHSA-fq77-7p7r-83rj CVE-2020-5284 MODERATE Directory Traversal in Next.js
GHSA-qpjv-v59x-3qc4 CVE-2025-32421 LOW Next.js Race Condition to Cache Poisoning
GHSA-4342-x723-ch2f CVE-2025-57822 MODERATE Next.js Improper Middleware Redirect Handling Leads to SSRF
GHSA-xv57-4mr9-wg8v CVE-2025-55173 MODERATE Next.js Content Injection Vulnerability for Image Optimization
GHSA-fr5h-rqp8-mj6g CVE-2024-34351 HIGH Next.js Server-Side Request Forgery in Server Actions
GHSA-7gfc-8cq8-jh5f CVE-2024-51479 HIGH Next.js authorization bypass vulnerability
GHSA-g5qg-72qw-gw5v CVE-2025-57752 MODERATE Next.js Affected by Cache Key Confusion for Image Optimization API Routes
GHSA-67rr-84xm-4c7r CVE-2025-49826 HIGH Next.JS vulnerability can lead to DoS via cache poisoning
GHSA-r2fc-ccr8-96c4 CVE-2025-49005 LOW Next.js has a Cache poisoning vulnerability due to omission of the Vary header
GHSA-3h52-269p-cp9r CVE-2025-48068 LOW Information exposure in Next.js dev server due to lack of origin verification
GHSA-7m27-7ghc-44w9 CVE-2024-56332 MODERATE Next.js Allows a Denial of Service (DoS) with Server Actions
GHSA-g77x-44xx-532m CVE-2024-47831 MODERATE Denial of Service condition in Next.js image optimization
GHSA-fq54-2j52-jc42 CVE-2024-39693 HIGH Next.js Denial of Service (DoS) condition
GHSA-gp8f-8m3g-qvj9 CVE-2024-46982 HIGH Next.js Cache Poisoning
GHSA-77r5-gw3j-2mpf CVE-2024-34350 HIGH Next.js Vulnerable to HTTP Request Smuggling
GHSA-3f5c-4qxj-vmpf CVE-2017-16877 HIGH Next.js Directory Traversal Vulnerability
GHSA-25mp-g6fv-mqxx CVE-2021-43803 HIGH Unexpected server crash in Next.js.
GHSA-c59h-r6p8-q9wc CVE-2023-46298 LOW Next.js missing cache-control header may lead to CDN caching empty reply
GHSA-wff4-fpwg-qqv3 CVE-2022-36046 MODERATE Unexpected server crash in Next.js
GHSA-vxf5-wxwp-m7g9 CVE-2021-37699 MODERATE Open Redirect in Next.js
GHSA-m34x-wgrh-g897 CVE-2018-6184 HIGH Directory traversal vulnerability in Next.js
GHSA-5vj8-3v2h-h38v - HIGH Remote Code Execution in next
GHSA-qw96-mm2g-c8m7 CVE-2018-18282 MODERATE Next.js has cross site scripting (XSS) vulnerability via the 404 or 500 /_error page
GHSA-fmvm-x8mv-47mj CVE-2022-23646 MODERATE Improper CSP in Image Optimization API for Next.js versions between 10.0.0 and 12.1.0
GHSA-wr66-vrwm-5g5x CVE-2022-21721 MODERATE Denial of Service Vulnerability in next.js
GHSA-x56p-c8cg-q435 CVE-2020-15242 MODERATE Open Redirect in Next.js versions
GHSA-9gr3-7897-pp7m CVE-2021-39178 HIGH XSS in Image Optimization API for Next.js

CVE-2026-94544 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-94544
GHSA Identifier GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 4.2
CWE Classification CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information
Affected Product Next
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 4.2

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2026-94544

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Next dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

next fixed: 16.3.8
npm install next@16.3.8
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

npm ls next

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2026-94544, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls next

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Next in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 16.3.8), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls next command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information, where the code uses a cache that contains sensitive information, but the cache can be read by an actor outside of the intended control sphere. In Next, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Pending `use cache` fills are shared across requests for the same key without distinguishing Draft Mode requests from regular requests. When two such requests overlap, the second request receives the first request's fill: - A regular request that overlaps an editor's Draft Mode request receives unpublished content, without any authentication. - A Draft Mode request that overlaps a regular request receives published content instead of the draft. If the overlapping regular request prerenders a page — for example an on-demand prerender of a route that was not prerendered at build time — the unpublished content can be persisted into the generated page and served to all later visitors of that route until the page is revalidated. Since cached functions can be shared across routes, the poisoned page does not need to be the page the editor is previewing. Sites are affected if they enable Cache Components (or `experimental.useCache`) and serve Draft Mode previews whose cached functions return draft-dependent content.

CVE-2026-94544 Affected Next Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
16.3.8
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
next
npm
≥ 16.3.0
< 16.3.8
16.3.8

References

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-94544?
CVE-2026-94544 is a security vulnerability in Next involving Pending `use cache` fill can leak Draft Mode content into regular responses and persisted pages under CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information.
Which Next versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 16.3.8 across affected packages: next.
What version fixes CVE-2026-94544?
Upgrading to 16.3.8 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is next affected?
Yes, next is affected in releases prior to 16.3.8. Upgrade your dependency to 16.3.8 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-94544?
CVE-2026-94544 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.2 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-94544?
CVE-2026-94544 is classified under CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information (The code uses a cache that contains sensitive information, but the cache can be read by an actor outside of the intended control sphere.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2026-94544?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls next'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7",
  "modified" : "2026-10-07T20:32:13Z",
  "published" : "2026-10-07T20:32:13Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-94544" ],
  "summary" : "Next.js: Pending `use cache` fill can leak Draft Mode content into regular responses and persisted pages",
  "details" : "Pending `use cache` fills are shared across requests for the same key without distinguishing Draft Mode requests from regular requests. When two such requests overlap, the second request receives the first request's fill:\n\n- A regular request that overlaps an editor's Draft Mode request receives unpublished content, without any authentication.\n- A Draft Mode request that overlaps a regular request receives published content instead of the draft.\n\nIf the overlapping regular request prerenders a page — for example an on-demand prerender of a route that was not prerendered at build time — the unpublished content can be persisted into the generated page and served to all later visitors of that route until the page is revalidated. Since cached functions can be shared across routes, the poisoned page does not need to be the page the editor is previewing.\n\nSites are affected if they enable Cache Components (or `experimental.useCache`) and serve Draft Mode previews whose cached functions return draft-dependent content.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "next"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "16.3.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "16.3.8"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-94544"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/bd9214f9a32854a011bf5fe58e481dffe1bbf598"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v16.3.8"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-524" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-10-07T20:32:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-10-02T16:16:52Z"
  }
}