CVE-2025-59471: Next Denial of Service Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-9g9p-9gw9-jx7f
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CVSS 5.9
CWE-400 CWE-770
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-59471 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.9) denial of service vulnerability (CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) affecting Next libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves next.js self-hosted applications vulnerable to dos via image optimizer remotepatterns configuration. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 15.5.10, 16.1.5.

CVE-2025-59471 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-59471
GHSA Identifier GHSA-9g9p-9gw9-jx7f
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.9
CWE Classification CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Affected Product Next
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-59471

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Next dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

next fixed: 15.5.10 
npm install next@15.5.10
next fixed: 16.1.5 
npm install next@16.1.5
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls next

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-59471, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls next

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Next in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 15.5.10), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls next command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, where the product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource. In Next, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

A DoS vulnerability exists in self-hosted Next.js applications that have `remotePatterns` configured for the Image Optimizer. The image optimization endpoint (`/_next/image`) loads external images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit, allowing an attacker to cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting optimization of arbitrarily large images. This vulnerability requires that `remotePatterns` is configured to allow image optimization from external domains and that the attacker can serve or control a large image on an allowed domain. Strongly consider upgrading to 15.5.10 and 16.1.5 to reduce risk and prevent availability issues in Next applications.

CVE-2025-59471 Affected Next Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
15.5.1016.1.5
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 10.0.0
< 15.5.10
15.5.10
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.6.0-canary.0
< 16.1.5
16.1.5

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-9g9p-9gw9-jx7f
NVD — CVE-2025-59471 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59471
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/500ec83743639addceaede95e95913398975156c
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/e5b834d208fe0edf64aa26b5d76dcf6a176500ec
Next Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/vercel/next.js
Next Release RELEASE
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v15.5.10
Next Release RELEASE
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v16.1.5

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-59471?
CVE-2025-59471 is a security vulnerability in Next involving Next.js self-hosted applications vulnerable to DoS via Image Optimizer remotePatterns configuration under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.
Which Next versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 15.5.10, 16.1.5 across affected packages: next.
What version fixes CVE-2025-59471?
Upgrading to 15.5.10, 16.1.5 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is next affected?
Yes, next is affected in releases prior to 15.5.10, 16.1.5. Upgrade your dependency to 15.5.10, 16.1.5 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-59471?
CVE-2025-59471 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-59471?
CVE-2025-59471 is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-59471?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls next'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
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  "id" : "GHSA-9g9p-9gw9-jx7f",
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  "published" : "2026-01-27T19:18:25Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-59471" ],
  "summary" : "Next.js self-hosted applications vulnerable to DoS via Image Optimizer remotePatterns configuration",
  "details" : "A DoS vulnerability exists in self-hosted Next.js applications that have `remotePatterns` configured for the Image Optimizer. The image optimization endpoint (`/_next/image`) loads external images entirely into memory without enforcing a maximum size limit, allowing an attacker to cause out-of-memory conditions by requesting optimization of arbitrarily large images. This vulnerability requires that `remotePatterns` is configured to allow image optimization from external domains and that the attacker can serve or control a large image on an allowed domain.\n\nStrongly consider upgrading to 15.5.10 and 16.1.5 to reduce risk and prevent availability issues in Next applications.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
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  "database_specific" : {
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    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-01-27T19:18:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-01-26T22:15:52Z"
  }
}