CVE-2024-47831: Next Denial of Service Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-g77x-44xx-532m
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CVSS 5.9
CWE-674
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2024-47831 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.9) denial of service vulnerability (CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion) affecting Next libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves denial of service condition in next.js image optimization. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 14.2.7.

CVE-2024-47831 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2024-47831
GHSA Identifier GHSA-g77x-44xx-532m
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.9
CWE Classification CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion
Affected Product Next
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2024-47831

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Next dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

next fixed: 14.2.7 
npm install next@14.2.7
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls next

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2024-47831, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls next

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Next in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 14.2.7), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls next command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion, where the product does not properly control the amount of recursion that takes place, consuming excessive resources, such as allocated memory or the program stack. In Next, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact The image optimization feature of Next.js contained a vulnerability which allowed for a potential Denial of Service (DoS) condition which could lead to excessive CPU consumption. **Not affected:** - The `next.config.js` file is configured with `images.unoptimized` set to `true` or `images.loader` set to a non-default value. - The Next.js application is hosted on Vercel. ### Patches This issue was fully patched in Next.js `14.2.7`. We recommend that users upgrade to at least this version. ### Workarounds Ensure that the `next.config.js` file has either `images.unoptimized`, `images.loader` or `images.loaderFile` assigned. #### Credits Brandon Dahler (brandondahler), AWS Dimitrios Vlastaras

CVE-2024-47831 Affected Next Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
14.2.7
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 10.0.0
< 14.2.7
14.2.7

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-g77x-44xx-532m
NVD — CVE-2024-47831 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47831
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/d11cbc9ff0b1aaefabcba9afe1e562e0b1fde65a
Next Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/vercel/next.js

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2024-47831?
CVE-2024-47831 is a security vulnerability in Next involving Denial of Service condition in Next.js image optimization under CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion.
Which Next versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 14.2.7 across affected packages: next.
What version fixes CVE-2024-47831?
Upgrading to 14.2.7 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is next affected?
Yes, next is affected in releases prior to 14.2.7. Upgrade your dependency to 14.2.7 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-47831?
CVE-2024-47831 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2024-47831?
CVE-2024-47831 is classified under CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion (The product does not properly control the amount of recursion that takes place, consuming excessive resources, such as allocated memory or the program stack.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2024-47831?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls next'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-g77x-44xx-532m",
  "modified" : "2024-11-08T18:55:47Z",
  "published" : "2024-10-14T19:45:21Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2024-47831" ],
  "summary" : "Denial of Service condition in Next.js image optimization",
  "details" : "### Impact\nThe image optimization feature of Next.js contained a vulnerability which allowed for a potential Denial of Service (DoS) condition which could lead to excessive CPU consumption.\n\n**Not affected:**\n- The `next.config.js` file is configured with `images.unoptimized` set to `true` or `images.loader` set to a non-default value.\n- The Next.js application is hosted on Vercel. \n\n### Patches\nThis issue was fully patched in Next.js `14.2.7`. We recommend that users upgrade to at least this version.\n\n### Workarounds\nEnsure that the `next.config.js` file has either `images.unoptimized`, `images.loader` or `images.loaderFile` assigned.\n\n#### Credits\nBrandon Dahler (brandondahler), AWS\nDimitrios Vlastaras",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "next"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "10.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "14.2.7"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-g77x-44xx-532m"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47831"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/d11cbc9ff0b1aaefabcba9afe1e562e0b1fde65a"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-674" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2024-10-14T19:45:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2024-10-14T18:15:05Z"
  }
}