CVE-2025-59472: Next Next.js Has Unbounded Memory Consumption Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-5f7q-jpqc-wp7h
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CVSS 5.9
CWE-409 CWE-400 CWE-770
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-59472 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.9) next.js has unbounded memory consumption vulnerability (CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)) affecting Next libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves next.js has unbounded memory consumption via ppr resume endpoint. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 15.6.0-canary.61, 16.1.5.

CVE-2025-59472 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-59472
GHSA Identifier GHSA-5f7q-jpqc-wp7h
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.9
CWE Classification CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
Affected Product Next
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-59472

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Next dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: 15.6.0-canary.61 
npm install next@15.6.0-canary.61
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: 16.1.5 
npm install next@16.1.5
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
next fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install next@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls next

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-59472, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls next

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Next in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 15.6.0-canary.61), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls next command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification), where the product does not handle or incorrectly handles a compressed input with a very high compression ratio that produces a large output. In Next, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

A denial of service vulnerability exists in Next.js versions with Partial Prerendering (PPR) enabled when running in minimal mode. The PPR resume endpoint accepts unauthenticated POST requests with the `Next-Resume: 1` header and processes attacker-controlled postponed state data. Two closely related vulnerabilities allow an attacker to crash the server process through memory exhaustion: 1. **Unbounded request body buffering**: The server buffers the entire POST request body into memory using `Buffer.concat()` without enforcing any size limit, allowing arbitrarily large payloads to exhaust available memory. 2. **Unbounded decompression (zipbomb)**: The resume data cache is decompressed using `inflateSync()` without limiting the decompressed output size. A small compressed payload can expand to hundreds of megabytes or gigabytes, causing memory exhaustion. Both attack vectors result in a fatal V8 out-of-memory error (`FATAL ERROR: Reached heap limit Allocation failed - JavaScript heap out of memory`) causing the Node.js process to terminate. The zipbomb variant is particularly dangerous as it can bypass reverse proxy request size limits while still causing large memory allocation on the server. To be affected, an application must run with `experimental.ppr: true` or `cacheComponents: true` configured along with the NEXT_PRIVATE_MINIMAL_MODE=1 environment variable. Strongly consider upgrading to 15.6.0-canary.61 or 16.1.5 to reduce risk and prevent availability issues in Next applications.

CVE-2025-59472 Affected Next Versions

16 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
15.6.0-canary.6116.1.5
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.2.1-canary.0
≤ 15.2.1-canary.6
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.2.2-canary.0
≤ 15.2.2-canary.7
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.3.0-canary.0
≤ 15.3.0-canary.46
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.6.0-canary.0
< 15.6.0-canary.61
15.6.0-canary.61
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.2.0-canary.0
≤ 15.2.0-canary.77
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.3.1-canary.0
≤ 15.3.1-canary.15
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.4.0-canary.0
≤ 15.4.0-canary.130
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.4.2-canary.0
≤ 15.4.2-canary.56
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.5.1-canary.0
≤ 15.5.1-canary.39
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 16.0.0-beta.0
< 16.1.5
16.1.5
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.0.0-canary.0
≤ 15.0.0-canary.205
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.0.1-canary.0
≤ 15.0.1-canary.3
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.0.2-canary.0
≤ 15.0.2-canary.11
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.0.3-canary.0
≤ 15.0.3-canary.9
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.0.4-canary.0
≤ 15.0.4-canary.52
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 15.1.1-canary.0
≤ 15.1.1-canary.27

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-5f7q-jpqc-wp7h
NVD — CVE-2025-59472 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59472
Next Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/vercel/next.js
vercel.com/changelog/summaries... WEB
https://vercel.com/changelog/summaries-of-cve-2025-59471-and-cve-2025-59472

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-59472?
CVE-2025-59472 is a security vulnerability in Next involving Next.js has Unbounded Memory Consumption via PPR Resume Endpoint under CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification).
Which Next versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 15.6.0-canary.61, 16.1.5 across affected packages: next.
What version fixes CVE-2025-59472?
Upgrading to 15.6.0-canary.61, 16.1.5 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is next affected?
Yes, next is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release, 15.6.0-canary.61, 16.1.5. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release, 15.6.0-canary.61, 16.1.5 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-59472?
CVE-2025-59472 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-59472?
CVE-2025-59472 is classified under CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification) (The product does not handle or incorrectly handles a compressed input with a very high compression ratio that produces a large output.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-59472?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls next'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
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  "references" : [ {
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  }, {
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    "type" : "PACKAGE",
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  "database_specific" : {
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    "severity" : "MODERATE",
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    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-01-28T15:20:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-01-26T22:15:53Z"
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}