CVE-2026-94544: Next Pending `use Cache` Fill Can Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7
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CVSS 4.2
CWE-524
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-94544 is a MODERATE (CVSS 4.2) pending `use cache` fill can vulnerability (CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information) affecting Next libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves pending `use cache` fill can leak draft mode content into regular responses and persisted pages. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 16.3.8.

CVE-2026-94544 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-94544
GHSA Identifier GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 4.2
CWE Classification CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information
Affected Product Next
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 4.2

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2026-94544

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Next dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

next fixed: 16.3.8 
npm install next@16.3.8
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls next

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2026-94544, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls next

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Next in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 16.3.8), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls next command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information, where the code uses a cache that contains sensitive information, but the cache can be read by an actor outside of the intended control sphere. In Next, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Pending `use cache` fills are shared across requests for the same key without distinguishing Draft Mode requests from regular requests. When two such requests overlap, the second request receives the first request's fill: - A regular request that overlaps an editor's Draft Mode request receives unpublished content, without any authentication. - A Draft Mode request that overlaps a regular request receives published content instead of the draft. If the overlapping regular request prerenders a page — for example an on-demand prerender of a route that was not prerendered at build time — the unpublished content can be persisted into the generated page and served to all later visitors of that route until the page is revalidated. Since cached functions can be shared across routes, the poisoned page does not need to be the page the editor is previewing. Sites are affected if they enable Cache Components (or `experimental.useCache`) and serve Draft Mode previews whose cached functions return draft-dependent content.

CVE-2026-94544 Affected Next Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
16.3.8
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
next
npm/next
npm
≥ 16.3.0
< 16.3.8
16.3.8

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7
NVD — CVE-2026-94544 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-94544
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/bd9214f9a32854a011bf5fe58e481dffe1bbf598
Next Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/vercel/next.js
Next Release RELEASE
https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v16.3.8

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-94544?
CVE-2026-94544 is a security vulnerability in Next involving Pending `use cache` fill can leak Draft Mode content into regular responses and persisted pages under CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information.
Which Next versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 16.3.8 across affected packages: next.
What version fixes CVE-2026-94544?
Upgrading to 16.3.8 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is next affected?
Yes, next is affected in releases prior to 16.3.8. Upgrade your dependency to 16.3.8 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-94544?
CVE-2026-94544 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.2 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-94544?
CVE-2026-94544 is classified under CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information (The code uses a cache that contains sensitive information, but the cache can be read by an actor outside of the intended control sphere.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2026-94544?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls next'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7",
  "modified" : "2026-10-07T20:32:13Z",
  "published" : "2026-10-07T20:32:13Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-94544" ],
  "summary" : "Next.js: Pending `use cache` fill can leak Draft Mode content into regular responses and persisted pages",
  "details" : "Pending `use cache` fills are shared across requests for the same key without distinguishing Draft Mode requests from regular requests. When two such requests overlap, the second request receives the first request's fill:\n\n- A regular request that overlaps an editor's Draft Mode request receives unpublished content, without any authentication.\n- A Draft Mode request that overlaps a regular request receives published content instead of the draft.\n\nIf the overlapping regular request prerenders a page — for example an on-demand prerender of a route that was not prerendered at build time — the unpublished content can be persisted into the generated page and served to all later visitors of that route until the page is revalidated. Since cached functions can be shared across routes, the poisoned page does not need to be the page the editor is previewing.\n\nSites are affected if they enable Cache Components (or `experimental.useCache`) and serve Draft Mode previews whose cached functions return draft-dependent content.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "next"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "16.3.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "16.3.8"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-3w37-wq28-93x7"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-94544"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/commit/bd9214f9a32854a011bf5fe58e481dffe1bbf598"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vercel/next.js/releases/tag/v16.3.8"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-524" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-10-07T20:32:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-10-02T16:16:52Z"
  }
}