CVE-2025-59354: Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly DragonFly Has Weak Integrity Checks Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-hx2h-vjw2-8r54
CWE-328
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-59354 is a MODERATE dragonfly has weak integrity checks vulnerability (CWE-328: Use of Weak Hash) affecting Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly libraries in the Go ecosystem. The issue involves dragonfly has weak integrity checks for downloaded files. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.1.0.

CVE-2025-59354 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-59354
GHSA Identifier GHSA-hx2h-vjw2-8r54
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score N/A
CWE Classification CWE-328: Use of Weak Hash
Affected Product Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly
Package Ecosystem Go
Published Date
Last Updated

How to Fix CVE-2025-59354

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly fixed: 2.1.0
Upgrade github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly to 2.1.0
d7y.io/dragonfly/v2 fixed: 2.1.0
Upgrade d7y.io/dragonfly/v2 to 2.1.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

inspect dependencies for github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-59354, inspect your project dependencies for Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly:

inspect dependencies for github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.1.0), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-328: Use of Weak Hash, where the product uses an algorithm that produces a digest (output value) that does not meet security expectations for a hash function that allows an adversary to reasonably determine the original input (preimage attack), find another input that can produce the same hash (2nd preimage attack), or find multiple inputs that evaluate to the same hash (birthday attack). In Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact The DragonFly2 uses a variety of hash functions, including the MD5 hash. This algorithm does not provide collision resistance; it is secure only against preimage attacks. While these security guarantees may be enough for the DragonFly2 system, it is not completely clear if there are any scenarios where lack of the collision resistance would compromise the system. There are no clear benefits to keeping the MD5 hash function in the system. ```golang var pieceDigests []string for i := int32(0); i < t.TotalPieces; i++ { pieceDigests = append(pieceDigests, t.Pieces[i].Md5) } digest := digest.SHA256FromStrings(pieceDigests...) if digest != t.PieceMd5Sign { t.Errorf("invalid digest, desired: %s, actual: %s", t.PieceMd5Sign, digest) t.invalid.Store(true) return ErrInvalidDigest } ``` Alice, a peer in the DragonFly2 system, creates two images: an innocent one, and one with malicious code. Both images consist of two pieces, and Alice generates the pieces so that their respective MD5 hashes collide (are the same). Therefore, the PieceMd5Sign metadata of both images are equal. Alice shares the innocent image with other peers, who attest to their validity (i.e., that it works as expected and is not malicious). Bob wants to download the image and requests it from the peer-to-peer network. After downloading the image, Bob checks its integrity with a SHA256 hash that is known to him. Alice, who is participating in the network, had already provided Bob the other image, the malicious one. Bob unintentionally uses the malicious image. ### Patches - Dragonfy v2.1.0 and above. ### Workarounds There are no effective workarounds, beyond upgrading. ### References A third party security audit was performed by Trail of Bits, you can see the [full report](https://github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly/blob/main/docs/security/dragonfly-comprehensive-report-2023.pdf). If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email us at [dragonfly-maintainers@googlegroups.com](mailto:dragonfly-maintainers@googlegroups.com).

CVE-2025-59354 Affected Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.1.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly
Go
< 2.1.0
2.1.0
d7y.io/dragonfly/v2
Go
< 2.1.0
2.1.0

References

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-59354?
CVE-2025-59354 is a security vulnerability in Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly involving DragonFly has weak integrity checks for downloaded files under CWE-328: Use of Weak Hash.
Which Github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.1.0 across affected packages: github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly, d7y.io/dragonfly/v2.
What version fixes CVE-2025-59354?
Upgrading to 2.1.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly affected?
Yes, github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly is affected in releases prior to 2.1.0. Upgrade your dependency to 2.1.0 or later.
Is d7y.io/dragonfly/v2 affected?
Yes, d7y.io/dragonfly/v2 is affected in releases prior to 2.1.0. Upgrade your dependency to 2.1.0 or later.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-59354?
CVE-2025-59354 is classified under CWE-328: Use of Weak Hash (The product uses an algorithm that produces a digest (output value) that does not meet security expectations for a hash function that allows an adversary to reasonably determine the original input (preimage attack), find another input that can produce the same hash (2nd preimage attack), or find multiple inputs that evaluate to the same hash (birthday attack).).
How can I check Go dependencies for CVE-2025-59354?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-hx2h-vjw2-8r54",
  "modified" : "2025-09-26T16:19:42Z",
  "published" : "2025-09-17T20:11:58Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-59354" ],
  "summary" : "DragonFly has weak integrity checks for downloaded files",
  "details" : "### Impact\nThe DragonFly2 uses a variety of hash functions, including the MD5 hash. This algorithm does not provide collision resistance; it is secure only against preimage attacks. While these security guarantees may be enough for the DragonFly2 system, it is not completely clear if there are any scenarios where lack of the collision resistance would compromise the system. There are no clear benefits to keeping the MD5 hash function in the system.\n\n```golang\nvar pieceDigests []string\nfor i := int32(0); i < t.TotalPieces; i++ {\n       pieceDigests = append(pieceDigests, t.Pieces[i].Md5)\n}\ndigest := digest.SHA256FromStrings(pieceDigests...)\nif digest != t.PieceMd5Sign {\n       t.Errorf(\"invalid digest, desired: %s, actual: %s\", t.PieceMd5Sign, digest)\n       t.invalid.Store(true)\n       return ErrInvalidDigest\n}\n```\n\nAlice, a peer in the DragonFly2 system, creates two images: an innocent one, and one with malicious code. Both images consist of two pieces, and Alice generates the pieces so that their respective MD5 hashes collide (are the same). Therefore, the PieceMd5Sign metadata of both images are equal. Alice shares the innocent image with other peers, who attest to their validity (i.e., that it works as expected and is not malicious). Bob wants to download the image and requests it from the peer-to-peer network. After downloading the image, Bob checks its integrity with a SHA256 hash that is known to him. Alice, who is participating in the network, had already provided Bob the other image, the malicious one. Bob unintentionally uses the malicious image.\n\n### Patches\n\n- Dragonfy v2.1.0 and above.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere are no effective workarounds, beyond upgrading.\n\n### References\n\nA third party security audit was performed by Trail of Bits, you can see the [full report](https://github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly/blob/main/docs/security/dragonfly-comprehensive-report-2023.pdf).\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please email us at [dragonfly-maintainers@googlegroups.com](mailto:dragonfly-maintainers@googlegroups.com).",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.1.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "d7y.io/dragonfly/v2"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.1.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly/security/advisories/GHSA-hx2h-vjw2-8r54"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59354"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/dragonflyoss/dragonfly/blob/main/docs/security/dragonfly-comprehensive-report-2023.pdf"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3973"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-328" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-09-17T20:11:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-09-17T20:15:38Z"
  }
}