CVE-2025-57353: @messageformat/runtime Messageformat Prototype Pollution Vulnerability Vulnerability
MODERATECVE-2025-57353 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.3) messageformat prototype pollution vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')) affecting @messageformat/runtime libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves messageformat prototype pollution vulnerability. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.0.2.
CVE-2025-57353 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 5.3
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).
How to Fix CVE-2025-57353
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected @messageformat/runtime dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
npm install @messageformat/runtime@3.0.2Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
npm ls @messageformat/runtimeHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-57353, inspect your project dependencies using npm:
npm ls @messageformat/runtimeAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of @messageformat/runtime in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.0.2), your application is affected.
Note: The npm ls @messageformat/runtime command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), where the product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. In @messageformat/runtime, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2025-57353 Affected @messageformat/runtime Versions
1 component(s)| Product / Package | Ecosystem | Affected Versions | Fixed Version |
|---|---|---|---|
|
@messageformat/runtime
|
npm |
≥ 3.0.1
< 3.0.2
All 1 versions
3.0.1
|
3.0.2
|
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2025-57353?
Which @messageformat/runtime versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2025-57353?
Is @messageformat/runtime affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-57353?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-57353?
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Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-6xv4-9cqp-92rh",
"modified" : "2025-10-31T15:12:38Z",
"published" : "2025-09-24T18:30:31Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-57353" ],
"summary" : "messageformat prototype pollution vulnerability",
"details" : "The Runtime components of messageformat package for Node.js version 3.0.1 contain a prototype pollution vulnerability. Due to insufficient validation of nested message keys during the processing of message data, an attacker can manipulate the prototype chain of JavaScript objects by providing specially crafted input. This can result in the injection of arbitrary properties into the Object.prototype, potentially leading to denial of service conditions or unexpected application behavior. The vulnerability allows attackers to alter the prototype of base objects, impacting all subsequent object instances throughout the application's lifecycle. Version 3.0.2 contains a fix.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "@messageformat/runtime"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "3.0.1"
}, {
"fixed" : "3.0.2"
} ]
} ],
"versions" : [ "3.0.1" ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57353"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/issues/453"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/issues/453#issuecomment-3466959449"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/pull/464"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat/commit/82cd10b40e3f922f990bbcf88a6d14b70c0a3ce0"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/VulnSageAgent/PoCs/tree/main/JavaScript/prototype-pollution/CVE-2025-57353"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/messageformat/messageformat"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321" ],
"severity" : "MODERATE",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2025-09-24T20:11:09Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2025-09-24T18:15:41Z"
}
}