CVE-2022-46290: Openbabel Open Babel Has Out-of-bounds Write Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-5rff-8f7c-8jmw
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CVSS 7.8
CWE-122 CWE-787
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2022-46290 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.8) open babel has out-of-bounds write vulnerability (CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow) affecting Openbabel libraries in the PyPI ecosystem. The issue involves open babel has out-of-bounds write in orca natoms parser (second variant). Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.2.0.

CVE-2022-46290 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2022-46290
GHSA Identifier GHSA-5rff-8f7c-8jmw
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.8
CWE Classification CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Affected Product Openbabel
Package Ecosystem PyPI
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2022-46290

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Openbabel dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

openbabel fixed: 3.2.0 
pip install openbabel>=3.2.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

pip show openbabel

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Python environment is affected by CVE-2022-46290, inspect your installed packages using pip:

pip show openbabel

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Openbabel in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.2.0), your application is affected.

Note: The pip show openbabel command checks currently installed packages in your active Python environment.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow, where a heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc(). In Openbabel, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Summary A memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel's ORCA parser allowed an out-of-bounds write when reading a crafted input file. ### Details A second variant of the `nAtoms` out-of-bounds write in the ORCA reader: a different malformed-input path produced the same class of write past the end of the destination buffer. ### Impact Open Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry file formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in services that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability requires the victim to open a malicious ORCA file with the `obabel` tool, the `OBConversion` API, or any of the language bindings (Python, Ruby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP). ### Affected versions All releases up to and including 3.1.1. ### Patched version 3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26). ### Patch Fix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/b239d06e A minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under `test/files/fuzz_regress/` and is exercised on every CI build under ASAN+UBSAN by the `fuzzregresstest` harness. ### Credit Reported by Cisco TALOS.

CVE-2022-46290 Affected Openbabel Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
3.2.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
openbabel
pypi/openbabel
PyPI
< 3.2.0
3.2.0

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/security/advisories/GHSA-5rff-8f7c-8jmw
NVD — CVE-2022-46290 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46290
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/b239d06eb724bb684eea0040e9d87cf07072b081
Openbabel Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel
talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor... WEB
https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1665
www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor... WEB
https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1665

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2022-46290?
CVE-2022-46290 is a security vulnerability in Openbabel involving Open Babel has out-of-bounds write in ORCA nAtoms parser (second variant) under CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow.
Which Openbabel versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 3.2.0 across affected packages: openbabel.
What version fixes CVE-2022-46290?
Upgrading to 3.2.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is openbabel affected?
Yes, openbabel is affected in releases prior to 3.2.0. Upgrade your dependency to 3.2.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-46290?
CVE-2022-46290 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2022-46290?
CVE-2022-46290 is classified under CWE-122: Heap-based Buffer Overflow (A heap overflow condition is a buffer overflow, where the buffer that can be overwritten is allocated in the heap portion of memory, generally meaning that the buffer was allocated using a routine such as malloc().).
How can I check PyPI dependencies for CVE-2022-46290?
Run the dependency tree command: 'pip show openbabel'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-5rff-8f7c-8jmw",
  "modified" : "2026-07-01T17:50:21Z",
  "published" : "2026-07-01T17:50:21Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2022-46290" ],
  "summary" : "Open Babel has out-of-bounds write in ORCA nAtoms parser (second variant)",
  "details" : "### Summary\n\nA memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel's ORCA parser allowed an\nout-of-bounds write when reading a crafted input file.\n\n### Details\n\nA second variant of the `nAtoms` out-of-bounds write in the ORCA\nreader: a different malformed-input path produced the same class of\nwrite past the end of the destination buffer.\n\n### Impact\n\nOpen Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry\nfile formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in\nservices that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability\nrequires the victim to open a malicious ORCA file with the `obabel`\ntool, the `OBConversion` API, or any of the language bindings (Python,\nRuby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).\n\n### Affected versions\n\nAll releases up to and including 3.1.1.\n\n### Patched version\n\n3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).\n\n### Patch\n\nFix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/b239d06e\n\nA minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under\n`test/files/fuzz_regress/` and is exercised on every CI build under\nASAN+UBSAN by the `fuzzregresstest` harness.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by Cisco TALOS.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "openbabel"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.2.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/security/advisories/GHSA-5rff-8f7c-8jmw"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46290"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/b239d06eb724bb684eea0040e9d87cf07072b081"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1665"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1665"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-122", "CWE-787" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-07-01T17:50:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}