CVE-2019-0199: Apache Tomcat Denial of Service Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-qcxh-w3j9-58qr
Share
CVSS 7.5
CWE-400
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2019-0199 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) denial of service vulnerability (CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) affecting Apache Tomcat libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves apache tomcat denial of service vulnerability. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 9.0.16, 8.5.38.

CVE-2019-0199 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2019-0199
GHSA Identifier GHSA-qcxh-w3j9-58qr
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Affected Product Apache Tomcat
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2019-0199

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Apache Tomcat dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core fixed: 9.0.16 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
    <version>9.0.16</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core fixed: 8.5.38 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-embed-core</artifactId>
    <version>8.5.38</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote fixed: 9.0.16 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
    <version>9.0.16</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote fixed: 8.5.38 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
    <version>8.5.38</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat.embed

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2019-0199, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat.embed

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Apache Tomcat in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 9.0.16), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat.embed command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, where the product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource. In Apache Tomcat, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

The HTTP/2 implementation in Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.14 and 8.5.0 to 8.5.37 accepted streams with excessive numbers of SETTINGS frames and also permitted clients to keep streams open without reading/writing request/response data. By keeping streams open for requests that utilised the Servlet API's blocking I/O, clients were able to cause server-side threads to block eventually leading to thread exhaustion and a DoS.

CVE-2019-0199 Affected Apache Tomcat Versions

4 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
9.0.168.5.38
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
maven/org.apache.tomcat.embed/tomcat-embed-core
Maven
≥ 9.0.0
< 9.0.16
9.0.16
org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core
maven/org.apache.tomcat.embed/tomcat-embed-core
Maven
≥ 8.0.0
< 8.5.38
8.5.38
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-coyote
Maven
≥ 9.0.0
< 9.0.16
9.0.16
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-coyote
Maven
≥ 8.0.0
< 8.5.38
8.5.38

References

NVD — CVE-2019-0199 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0199
lists.apache.org/thread.html/e1b0b27... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e1b0b273b6e8ddcc72c9023bc2394b1276fc72664144bf21d0a87995@%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/e56886e... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e56886e1bac9319ecce81b3612dd7a1a43174a3a741a1c805e16880e%40%3Ccommits.tomee.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/e56886e... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e56886e1bac9319ecce81b3612dd7a1a43174a3a741a1c805e16880e@%3Ccommits.tomee.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/e85e83e... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e85e83e9954f169bbb77b44baae5a33d8de878df557bb32b7f793661%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/e85e83e... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e85e83e9954f169bbb77b44baae5a33d8de878df557bb32b7f793661@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/e877330... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e87733036e8c84ea648cdcdca3098f3c8a897e2652c33062b2b1535c%40%3Cusers.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/e877330... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e87733036e8c84ea648cdcdca3098f3c8a897e2652c33062b2b1535c@%3Cusers.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3bbb80... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3bbb800a816d0a51eccc5a228c58736960a9fffafa581a225834d97d%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3bbb80... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3bbb800a816d0a51eccc5a228c58736960a9fffafa581a225834d97d@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r48c144... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r48c1444845fe15a823e1374674bfc297d5008a5453788099ea14caf0%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r48c144... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r48c1444845fe15a823e1374674bfc297d5008a5453788099ea14caf0@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6ccee4... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6ccee4e849bc77df0840c7f853f6bd09d426f6741247da2b7429d5d9%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6ccee4... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r6ccee4e849bc77df0840c7f853f6bd09d426f6741247da2b7429d5d9@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/raba0fa... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/raba0fabaf4d56d4325ab2aca8814f0b30a237ab83d8106b115ee279a%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/raba0fa... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/raba0fabaf4d56d4325ab2aca8814f0b30a237ab83d8106b115ee279a@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/packa... WEB
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NPHQEL5AQ6LZSZD2Y6TYZ4RC3WI7NXJ3
lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/packa... WEB
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZQTZ5BJ5F4KV6N53SGNKSW3UY5DBIQ46
lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/packa... WEB
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NPHQEL5AQ6LZSZD2Y6TYZ4RC3WI7NXJ3
lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/packa... WEB
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZQTZ5BJ5F4KV6N53SGNKSW3UY5DBIQ46
seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/dec/43 WEB
https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Dec/43
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190419-0001
support.f5.com/csp/article/k173215... WEB
https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K17321505
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://web.archive.org/web/20200227030041/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107674
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4596
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2019-5072835.html
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2019:39... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3929
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2019:39... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3931
Apache Tomcat Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/apache/tomcat
lists.apache.org/thread.html/158ab71... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/158ab719cf60448ddbb074798f09152fdb572fc8f781e70a56118d1a%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/158ab71... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/158ab719cf60448ddbb074798f09152fdb572fc8f781e70a56118d1a@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
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https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/1dd0a59c1295cc08ce4c9e7edae5ad2268acc9ba55adcefa0532e5ba@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
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https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/4c438fa4c78cb1ce8979077f668ab7145baf83e7c59f2faf7eccf094@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af4712... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af47120905aa7d8fe12f42e8ff2284fb338ba141d3b77b8c7cb61b3%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af4712... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af47120905aa7d8fe12f42e8ff2284fb338ba141d3b77b8c7cb61b3@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/7bb193b... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/7bb193bc68b28d21ff1c726fd38bea164deb6333b59eec2eb3661da6%40%3Cusers.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/7bb193b... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/7bb193bc68b28d21ff1c726fd38bea164deb6333b59eec2eb3661da6@%3Cusers.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/8885587... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/88855876c33f2f9c532ffb75bfee570ccf0b17ffa77493745af9a17a%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/8885587... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/88855876c33f2f9c532ffb75bfee570ccf0b17ffa77493745af9a17a@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
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https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/a7a201bd23e67fd3326c9b22b814dd0537d3270b3b54a768e2e7ef50@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/ac0185c... WEB
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lists.apache.org/thread.html/ac0185c... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/ac0185ce240a711b542a55bccf9349ab0c2f343d70cf7835e08fabc9@%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E
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https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/cf4eb2bd2083cebb3602a293c653f9a7faa96c86f672c876f25b37ef@%3Cannounce.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/dddb359... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/dddb3590bac28fbe89f69f5ccbe26283d014ddc691abdd042de14600%40%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/dddb359... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/dddb3590bac28fbe89f69f5ccbe26283d014ddc691abdd042de14600@%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/df1a2c1... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/df1a2c1b87c8a6c500ecdbbaf134c7f1491c8d79d98b48c6b9f0fa6a%40%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/df1a2c1... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/df1a2c1b87c8a6c500ecdbbaf134c7f1491c8d79d98b48c6b9f0fa6a@%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/e1b0b27... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/e1b0b273b6e8ddcc72c9023bc2394b1276fc72664144bf21d0a87995%40%3Cannounce.tomcat.apache.org%3E
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00090.html
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00013.html
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00054.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2019-0199?
CVE-2019-0199 is a security vulnerability in Apache Tomcat involving Apache Tomcat Denial of Service vulnerability under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.
Which Apache Tomcat versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 9.0.16, 8.5.38 across affected packages: org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core, org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote.
What version fixes CVE-2019-0199?
Upgrading to 9.0.16, 8.5.38 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is tomcat-embed-core affected?
Yes, org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core is affected in releases prior to 9.0.16, 8.5.38. Upgrade your dependency to 9.0.16, 8.5.38 or later.
Is tomcat-coyote affected?
Yes, org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote is affected in releases prior to 9.0.16, 8.5.38. Upgrade your dependency to 9.0.16, 8.5.38 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-0199?
CVE-2019-0199 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2019-0199?
CVE-2019-0199 is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2019-0199?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat.embed'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-qcxh-w3j9-58qr",
  "modified" : "2026-05-20T18:50:07Z",
  "published" : "2020-06-15T18:51:09Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2019-0199" ],
  "summary" : "Apache Tomcat Denial of Service vulnerability",
  "details" : "The HTTP/2 implementation in Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.14 and 8.5.0 to 8.5.37 accepted streams with excessive numbers of SETTINGS frames and also permitted clients to keep streams open without reading/writing request/response data. By keeping streams open for requests that utilised the Servlet API's blocking I/O, clients were able to cause server-side threads to block eventually leading to thread exhaustion and a DoS.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
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    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
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  }, {
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  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-400" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2020-06-15T16:43:54Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2019-04-10T15:29:00Z"
  }
}