CVE-2026-25223: Fastify Fastify's Content-Type Header Tab Character Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-jx2c-rxcm-jvmq",
  "modified" : "2026-02-04T17:46:02Z",
  "published" : "2026-02-02T22:23:29Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-25223" ],
  "summary" : "Fastify's Content-Type header tab character allows body validation bypass",
  "details" : "### Impact\n\nA validation bypass vulnerability exists in Fastify where request body validation schemas specified by Content-Type can be completely circumvented. By appending a tab character (`\\t`) followed by arbitrary content to the Content-Type header, attackers can bypass body validation while the server still processes the body as the original content type.\n\nFor example, a request with `Content-Type: application/json\\ta` will bypass JSON schema validation but still be parsed as JSON.\n\nThis vulnerability affects all Fastify users who rely on Content-Type-based body validation schemas to enforce data integrity or security constraints. The concrete impact depends on the handler implementation and the level of trust placed in the validated request body, but at the library level, this allows complete bypass of body validation for any handler using Content-Type-discriminated schemas.\n\nThis issue is a regression or missed edge case from the fix for a previously reported vulnerability.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis vulnerability has been patched in **Fastify v5.7.2**. All users should upgrade to this version or later immediately.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, user can implement a custom `onRequest` hook to reject requests containing tab characters in the Content-Type header:\n\n```javascript\nfastify.addHook('onRequest', async (request, reply) => {\n  const contentType = request.headers['content-type']\n  if (contentType && contentType.includes('\\t')) {\n    reply.code(400).send({ error: 'Invalid Content-Type header' })\n  }\n})\n```\n\n### Resources\n\n- https://github.com/fastify/fastify/blob/759e9787b5669abf953068e42a17bffba7521348/lib/validation.js#L272\n- https://github.com/fastify/fastify/blob/759e9787b5669abf953068e42a17bffba7521348/lib/content-type-parser.js#L125\n- [Fastify Validation and Serialization Documentation](https://fastify.dev/docs/latest/Reference/Validation-and-Serialization/)\n- https://hackerone.com/reports/3464114",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "fastify"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "5.7.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify/security/advisories/GHSA-jx2c-rxcm-jvmq"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25223"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify/commit/32d7b6add39ddf082d92579a58bea7018c5ac821"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://hackerone.com/reports/3464114"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://fastify.dev/docs/latest/Reference/Validation-and-Serialization"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify/blob/759e9787b5669abf953068e42a17bffba7521348/lib/content-type-parser.js#L125"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify/blob/759e9787b5669abf953068e42a17bffba7521348/lib/validation.js#L272"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-436" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-02-02T22:23:29Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-02-03T22:16:31Z"
  }
}