CVE-2016-6816: Apache Tomcat Improper Input Validation Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-jc7p-5r39-9477
Share
CVSS 7.1
CWE-20
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2016-6816 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.1) improper input validation vulnerability (CWE-20: Improper Input Validation) affecting Apache Tomcat libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves improper input validation in apache tomcat. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 9.0.0.M12, 8.5.8, 8.0.39, 7.0.73, 6.0.48.

CVE-2016-6816 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2016-6816
GHSA Identifier GHSA-jc7p-5r39-9477
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.1
CWE Classification CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
Affected Product Apache Tomcat
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability Low (A:L)

How to Fix CVE-2016-6816

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Apache Tomcat dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote fixed: 9.0.0.M12 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
    <version>9.0.0.M12</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote fixed: 8.5.8 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
    <version>8.5.8</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote fixed: 8.0.39 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
    <version>8.0.39</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote fixed: 7.0.73 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
    <version>7.0.73</version>
</dependency>
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote fixed: 6.0.48 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-coyote</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.48</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2016-6816, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Apache Tomcat in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 9.0.0.M12), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation, where the product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. In Apache Tomcat, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

The code in Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.0.M11, 8.5.0 to 8.5.6, 8.0.0.RC1 to 8.0.38, 7.0.0 to 7.0.72, and 6.0.0 to 6.0.47 that parsed the HTTP request line permitted invalid characters. This could be exploited, in conjunction with a proxy that also permitted the invalid characters but with a different interpretation, to inject data into the HTTP response. By manipulating the HTTP response the attacker could poison a web-cache, perform an XSS attack and/or obtain sensitive information from requests other then their own.

CVE-2016-6816 Affected Apache Tomcat Versions

5 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
9.0.0.M128.5.88.0.397.0.736.0.48
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-coyote
Maven
≥ 9.0.0.M1
< 9.0.0.M12
9.0.0.M12
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-coyote
Maven
≥ 8.5.0
< 8.5.8
8.5.8
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-coyote
Maven
≥ 8.0.0RC1
< 8.0.39
8.0.39
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-coyote
Maven
≥ 7.0.0
< 7.0.73
7.0.73
org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote
maven/org.apache.tomcat/tomcat-coyote
Maven
≥ 6.0.0
< 6.0.48
6.0.48

References

NVD — CVE-2016-6816 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-6816
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/516bda676ac8d0284da3e0295a7df70391315360
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/cdc0a935c2173aff60039a0b85e57a461381107c
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/f96f5751d418ae5a2f550be040daf9c5f7d99256
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/apache/tomcat80/commit/779d5d34e68e50d2f721897050b147106992f566
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017:04... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0455
lists.apache.org/thread.html/b8a1bf1... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/b8a1bf18155b552dcf9a928ba808cbadad84c236d85eab3033662cfb@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r03c597... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r03c597a64de790ba42c167efacfa23300c3d6c9fe589ab87fe02859c%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r03c597... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r03c597a64de790ba42c167efacfa23300c3d6c9fe589ab87fe02859c@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r587e50... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r587e50b86c1a96ee301f751d50294072d142fd6dc08a8987ae9f3a9b%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r587e50... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r587e50b86c1a96ee301f751d50294072d142fd6dc08a8987ae9f3a9b@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9136ff... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9136ff5b13e4f1941360b5a309efee2c114a14855578c3a2cbe5d19c%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9136ff... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9136ff5b13e4f1941360b5a309efee2c114a14855578c3a2cbe5d19c@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20180607-0001
svn.apache.org/viewvc WEB
https://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=revision&revision=1767641
svn.apache.org/viewvc WEB
https://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=revision&revision=1767645
svn.apache.org/viewvc WEB
https://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=revision&revision=1767653
svn.apache.org/viewvc WEB
https://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=revision&revision=1767675
svn.apache.org/viewvc WEB
https://svn.apache.org/viewvc?view=revision&revision=1767683
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://tomcat.apache.org/security-6.html#Fixed_in_Apache_Tomcat_6.0.48
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://tomcat.apache.org/security-7.html#Fixed_in_Apache_Tomcat_7.0.73
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://tomcat.apache.org/security-8.html#Fixed_in_Apache_Tomcat_8.0.39
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://tomcat.apache.org/security-8.html#Fixed_in_Apache_Tomcat_8.5.8
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://tomcat.apache.org/security-9.html#Fixed_in_Apache_Tomcat_9.0.0.M13
usn.ubuntu.com/4557-1 WEB
https://usn.ubuntu.com/4557-1
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://web.archive.org/web/20161204121236/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94461
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
https://web.archive.org/web/20170929085438/http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037332
www.exploit-db.com/exploits/41783 WEB
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/41783
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017:04... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0456
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017:09... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0935
lists.apache.org/thread.html/343558d... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/343558d982879bf88ec20dbf707f8c11255f8e219e81d45c4f8d0551%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/343558d... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/343558d982879bf88ec20dbf707f8c11255f8e219e81d45c4f8d0551@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/3722040... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/37220405a377c0182d2afdbc36461c4783b2930fbeae3a17f1333113%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/3722040... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/37220405a377c0182d2afdbc36461c4783b2930fbeae3a17f1333113@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/388a323... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/388a323769f1dff84c9ec905455aa73fbcb20338e3c7eb131457f708%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/388a323... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/388a323769f1dff84c9ec905455aa73fbcb20338e3c7eb131457f708@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/39ae1f0... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/39ae1f0bd5867c15755a6f959b271ade1aea04ccdc3b2e639dcd903b%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/39ae1f0... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/39ae1f0bd5867c15755a6f959b271ade1aea04ccdc3b2e639dcd903b@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/3d19773... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/3d19773b4cf0377db62d1e9328bf9160bf1819f04f988315086931d7%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/3d19773... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/3d19773b4cf0377db62d1e9328bf9160bf1819f04f988315086931d7@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af4712... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af47120905aa7d8fe12f42e8ff2284fb338ba141d3b77b8c7cb61b3%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af4712... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/6af47120905aa7d8fe12f42e8ff2284fb338ba141d3b77b8c7cb61b3@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/845312a... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/845312a10aabbe2c499fca94003881d2c79fc993d85f34c1f5c77424%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/845312a... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/845312a10aabbe2c499fca94003881d2c79fc993d85f34c1f5c77424@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/8885587... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/88855876c33f2f9c532ffb75bfee570ccf0b17ffa77493745af9a17a%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/8885587... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/88855876c33f2f9c532ffb75bfee570ccf0b17ffa77493745af9a17a@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/b5e3f51... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/b5e3f51d28cd5d9b1809f56594f2cf63dcd6a90429e16ea9f83bbedc%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/b5e3f51... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/b5e3f51d28cd5d9b1809f56594f2cf63dcd6a90429e16ea9f83bbedc@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/b84ad12... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/b84ad1258a89de5c9c853c7f2d3ad77e5b8b2930be9e132d5cef6b95%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/b84ad12... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/b84ad1258a89de5c9c853c7f2d3ad77e5b8b2930be9e132d5cef6b95@%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
lists.apache.org/thread.html/b8a1bf1... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/b8a1bf18155b552dcf9a928ba808cbadad84c236d85eab3033662cfb%40%3Cdev.tomcat.apache.org%3E
rhn.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017-02... WEB
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0244.html
rhn.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017-02... WEB
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0245.html
rhn.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017-02... WEB
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0246.html
rhn.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017-02... WEB
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0247.html
rhn.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017-02... WEB
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0250.html
rhn.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017-04... WEB
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0457.html
rhn.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2017-05... WEB
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-0527.html
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3738
Apache Tomcat Security Information SECURITY
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2017-3236626.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2016-6816?
CVE-2016-6816 is a security vulnerability in Apache Tomcat involving Improper Input Validation in Apache Tomcat under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation.
Which Apache Tomcat versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 9.0.0.M12, 8.5.8, 8.0.39, 7.0.73, 6.0.48 across affected packages: org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote.
What version fixes CVE-2016-6816?
Upgrading to 9.0.0.M12, 8.5.8, 8.0.39, 7.0.73, 6.0.48 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is tomcat-coyote affected?
Yes, org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-coyote is affected in releases prior to 9.0.0.M12, 8.5.8, 8.0.39, 7.0.73, 6.0.48. Upgrade your dependency to 9.0.0.M12, 8.5.8, 8.0.39, 7.0.73, 6.0.48 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-6816?
CVE-2016-6816 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2016-6816?
CVE-2016-6816 is classified under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation (The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2016-6816?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.tomcat'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-jc7p-5r39-9477",
  "modified" : "2024-02-22T20:24:38Z",
  "published" : "2022-05-13T01:14:53Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2016-6816" ],
  "summary" : "Improper Input Validation in Apache Tomcat",
  "details" : "The code in Apache Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.0.M11, 8.5.0 to 8.5.6, 8.0.0.RC1 to 8.0.38, 7.0.0 to 7.0.72, and 6.0.0 to 6.0.47 that parsed the HTTP request line permitted invalid characters. This could be exploited, in conjunction with a proxy that also permitted the invalid characters but with a different interpretation, to inject data into the HTTP response. By manipulating the HTTP response the attacker could poison a web-cache, perform an XSS attack and/or obtain sensitive information from requests other then their own.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L"
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  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-20" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2022-07-06T19:46:59Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2017-03-20T18:59:00Z"
  }
}