GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2: Duplicate Advisory Knowns Vulnerable To Command Injection Vulnerability

HIGH
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CVSS 7.8
CWE-78
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.8) knowns vulnerable to command injection vulnerability (CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')) affecting Duplicate Advisory libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves knowns vulnerable to command injection. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.30.0.

GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2 at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.8
CWE Classification CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Affected Product Duplicate Advisory
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Duplicate Advisory dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

knowns fixed: 0.30.0 
npm install knowns@0.30.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls knowns

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls knowns

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Duplicate Advisory in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.30.0), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls knowns command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an os command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended os command when it is sent to a downstream component. In Duplicate Advisory, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

# Duplicate Advisory This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-mc52-mwq4-vfx3. This link is maintained to preserve external references. # Original Description knowns versions before 0.30.0 fail to validate the settings.lsp.languages binary field in project configuration files, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary binaries by crafting a malicious .knowns/config.json file. When a repository with a crafted configuration is opened, the unvalidated binary path is executed twice under the user's account without any verification.

GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2 Affected Duplicate Advisory Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
0.30.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
knowns
npm/knowns
npm
< 0.30.0
0.30.0

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/security/advisories/GHSA-mc52-mwq4-vfx3
NVD — GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-86540
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/commit/d3989829fb5095666d23d005b2f78a082832a396
Duplicate Advisory Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns
Duplicate Advisory Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/blob/v0.29.1/internal/lsp/detect.go#L128-L157
Duplicate Advisory Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/blob/v0.29.1/internal/models/config.go#L205-L216
Duplicate Advisory Release RELEASE
https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/releases/tag/v0.30.0
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/knowns-b... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/knowns-before-0.30.0-arbitrary-code-execution-via-lsp-binary

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2?
GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2 is a security vulnerability in Duplicate Advisory involving knowns vulnerable to command injection under CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection').
Which Duplicate Advisory versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 0.30.0 across affected packages: knowns.
What version fixes GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2?
Upgrading to 0.30.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is knowns affected?
Yes, knowns is affected in releases prior to 0.30.0. Upgrade your dependency to 0.30.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2?
GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2?
GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2 is classified under CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection') (The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command when it is sent to a downstream component.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls knowns'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-6ph4-r249-58p2",
  "modified" : "2026-10-06T18:57:55Z",
  "published" : "2026-09-08T00:30:22Z",
  "withdrawn" : "2026-10-06T18:57:55Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Duplicate Advisory: knowns vulnerable to command injection",
  "details" : "# Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-mc52-mwq4-vfx3. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n# Original Description\n\nknowns versions before 0.30.0 fail to validate the settings.lsp.languages binary field in project configuration files, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary binaries by crafting a malicious .knowns/config.json file. When a repository with a crafted configuration is opened, the unvalidated binary path is executed twice under the user's account without any verification.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "knowns"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.30.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/security/advisories/GHSA-mc52-mwq4-vfx3"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-86540"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/commit/d3989829fb5095666d23d005b2f78a082832a396"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/blob/v0.29.1/internal/lsp/detect.go#L128-L157"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/blob/v0.29.1/internal/models/config.go#L205-L216"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/knowns-dev/knowns/releases/tag/v0.30.0"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/knowns-before-0.30.0-arbitrary-code-execution-via-lsp-binary"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-78" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-10-06T18:57:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-09-07T23:16:53Z"
  }
}