Vulnerabilities in pkg:pypi/numexpr

PACKAGE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-f73w-4m7g-ch9x
Share
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-39631 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) langchain vulnerable to arbitrary code vulnerability (CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')) affecting Langchain libraries in the PyPI ecosystem. The issue involves langchain vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via the evaluate function in the numexpr library. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.0.308, 2.8.5.

1 Known Advisory Record(s)
Package Vulnerability Intelligence

pkg:pypi/numexpr

1 Known Advisory Record(s)

Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:pypi/numexpr. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.

Advisory ID CVE / NVD Severity Summary
GHSA-f73w-4m7g-ch9x CVE-2023-39631 CRITICAL Langchain vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via the evaluate function in the numexpr library

CVE-2023-39631 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-39631
GHSA Identifier GHSA-f73w-4m7g-ch9x
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Affected Product Langchain
Package Ecosystem PyPI
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2023-39631

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Langchain dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

langchain fixed: 0.0.308 
pip install langchain>=0.0.308
numexpr fixed: 2.8.5 
pip install numexpr>=2.8.5
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

pip show langchain

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Python environment is affected by CVE-2023-39631, inspect your installed packages using pip:

pip show langchain

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Langchain in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.0.308), your application is affected.

Note: The pip show langchain command checks currently installed packages in your active Python environment.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment. In Langchain, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

An issue in LanChain-ai Langchain v.0.0.245 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the evaluate function in the numexpr library. Patches: Released in v.0.0.308. numexpr dependency is optional for langchain.

CVE-2023-39631 Affected Langchain Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
0.0.3082.8.5
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
langchain
pypi/langchain
PyPI
< 0.0.308
0.0.308
numexpr
pypi/numexpr
PyPI
< 2.8.5
2.8.5

References

NVD — CVE-2023-39631 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39631
Langchain Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/issues/8363
Langchain Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/pydata/numexpr/issues/442
Langchain Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/11302
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/pydata/numexpr/commit/4b2d89cf14e75030d27629925b9998e1e91d23c7
Langchain Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain
Langchain Release RELEASE
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/releases/tag/v0.0.308
Langchain Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/langchain/PYSEC-2023-162.yaml
Langchain Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/numexpr/PYSEC-2023-163.yaml

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-39631?
CVE-2023-39631 is a security vulnerability in Langchain involving Langchain vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via the evaluate function in the numexpr library under CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection').
Which Langchain versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 0.0.308, 2.8.5 across affected packages: langchain, numexpr.
What version fixes CVE-2023-39631?
Upgrading to 0.0.308, 2.8.5 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is langchain affected?
Yes, langchain is affected in releases prior to 0.0.308. Upgrade your dependency to 0.0.308 or later.
Is numexpr affected?
Yes, numexpr is affected in releases prior to 2.8.5. Upgrade your dependency to 2.8.5 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-39631?
CVE-2023-39631 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-39631?
CVE-2023-39631 is classified under CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.).
How can I check PyPI dependencies for CVE-2023-39631?
Run the dependency tree command: 'pip show langchain'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-f73w-4m7g-ch9x",
  "modified" : "2025-02-20T22:53:21Z",
  "published" : "2023-09-01T18:30:41Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-39631" ],
  "summary" : "Langchain vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via the evaluate function in the numexpr library",
  "details" : "An issue in LanChain-ai Langchain v.0.0.245 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the evaluate function in the numexpr library.\n\nPatches: Released in v.0.0.308. numexpr dependency is optional for langchain.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "langchain"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.0.308"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "numexpr"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.8.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39631"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/issues/8363"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pydata/numexpr/issues/442"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/11302"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pydata/numexpr/commit/4b2d89cf14e75030d27629925b9998e1e91d23c7"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/releases/tag/v0.0.308"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/langchain/PYSEC-2023-162.yaml"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/numexpr/PYSEC-2023-163.yaml"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-94" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-09-01T21:57:43Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-09-01T16:15:08Z"
  }
}