Vulnerabilities in pkg:npm/json8-merge-patch

PACKAGE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-8v9x-9xqg-r8mr
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Advisory Summary

CVE-2020-8268 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) prototype pollution vulnerability (CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')) affecting Json8 merge patch libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves prototype pollution in json8-merge-patch. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.0.3.

1 Known Advisory Record(s)
Package Vulnerability Intelligence

pkg:npm/json8-merge-patch

1 Known Advisory Record(s)

Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:npm/json8-merge-patch. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.

Advisory ID CVE / NVD Severity Summary
GHSA-8v9x-9xqg-r8mr CVE-2020-8268 HIGH Prototype pollution in json8-merge-patch

CVE-2020-8268 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2020-8268
GHSA Identifier GHSA-8v9x-9xqg-r8mr
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Affected Product Json8 merge patch
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2020-8268

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Json8 merge patch dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

json8-merge-patch fixed: 1.0.3 
npm install json8-merge-patch@1.0.3
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls json8-merge-patch

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2020-8268, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls json8-merge-patch

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Json8 merge patch in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.0.3), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls json8-merge-patch command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), where the product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. In Json8 merge patch, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Prototype pollution vulnerability in json8-merge-patch npm package < 1.0.3 may allow attackers to inject or modify methods and properties of the global object constructor.

CVE-2020-8268 Affected Json8 merge patch Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.0.3
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
json8-merge-patch
npm/json8-merge-patch
npm
< 1.0.3
1.0.3

References

NVD — CVE-2020-8268 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8268
Json8 merge patch Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/sonnyp/JSON8/issues/113
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/sonnyp/JSON8/commit/2e890261b66cbc54ae01d0c79c71b0fd18379e7e#diff-faa7bef039022bc7ca1c613331b2373950ddd3d65ebf25d1699fbdf89773a387
hackerone.com/reports/980649 WEB
https://hackerone.com/reports/980649
www.npmjs.com/package/json8-merge... WEB
https://www.npmjs.com/package/json8-merge-patch

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2020-8268?
CVE-2020-8268 is a security vulnerability in Json8 merge patch involving Prototype pollution in json8-merge-patch under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution').
Which Json8 merge patch versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.0.3 across affected packages: json8-merge-patch.
What version fixes CVE-2020-8268?
Upgrading to 1.0.3 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is json8-merge-patch affected?
Yes, json8-merge-patch is affected in releases prior to 1.0.3. Upgrade your dependency to 1.0.3 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2020-8268?
CVE-2020-8268 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2020-8268?
CVE-2020-8268 is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution') (The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2020-8268?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls json8-merge-patch'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-8v9x-9xqg-r8mr",
  "modified" : "2021-04-19T22:31:31Z",
  "published" : "2021-05-10T19:17:15Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2020-8268" ],
  "summary" : "Prototype pollution in json8-merge-patch",
  "details" : "Prototype pollution vulnerability in json8-merge-patch npm package < 1.0.3 may allow attackers to inject or modify methods and properties of the global object constructor.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "json8-merge-patch"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.0.3"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8268"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/sonnyp/JSON8/issues/113"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/sonnyp/JSON8/commit/2e890261b66cbc54ae01d0c79c71b0fd18379e7e#diff-faa7bef039022bc7ca1c613331b2373950ddd3d65ebf25d1699fbdf89773a387"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://hackerone.com/reports/980649"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.npmjs.com/package/json8-merge-patch"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321", "CWE-20", "CWE-471" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-04-19T22:31:31Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2020-11-09T15:15:00Z"
  }
}