Vulnerabilities in pkg:npm/express-brute

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Advisory Summary

GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.6) rate limiting bypass vulnerability (CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')) affecting Express brute libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves rate limiting bypass in express-brute. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

1 Known Advisory Record(s)
Package Vulnerability Intelligence

pkg:npm/express-brute

1 Known Advisory Record(s)

Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:npm/express-brute. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.

Advisory ID CVE / NVD Severity Summary
GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw - MODERATE Rate Limiting Bypass in express-brute

GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.6
CWE Classification CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Affected Product Express brute
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.6

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability Low (A:L)

How to Fix GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Express brute dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

express-brute fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install express-brute@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls express-brute

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls express-brute

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Express brute in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls express-brute command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component. In Express brute, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

All versions of `express-brute` are vulnerable to Rate Limiting Bypass. Concurrent requests may lead to race conditions that cause the package to incorrectly count requests. This may allow an attacker to bypass the rate limiting provided by the package and execute requests without limiting. ## Recommendation No fix is currently available. Consider using an alternative module until a fix is made available.

GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw Affected Express brute Versions

1 component(s)
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
express-brute
npm/express-brute
npm
≤ 1.0.1

References

Express brute Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/AdamPflug/express-brute/issues/46
snyk.io/vuln/snyk-js-expres... WEB
https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-EXPRESSBRUTE-174457
www.npmjs.com/advisories/823 WEB
https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/823

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw?
GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw is a security vulnerability in Express brute involving Rate Limiting Bypass in express-brute under CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection').
Which Express brute versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches across affected packages: express-brute.
What version fixes GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is express-brute affected?
Yes, express-brute is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw?
GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.6 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw?
GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw is classified under CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') (The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls express-brute'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-984p-xq9m-4rjw",
  "modified" : "2021-08-04T21:03:16Z",
  "published" : "2019-06-07T21:01:53Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Rate Limiting Bypass in express-brute",
  "details" : "All versions of `express-brute` are vulnerable to Rate Limiting Bypass. Concurrent requests may lead to race conditions that cause the package to incorrectly count requests. This may allow an attacker to bypass the rate limiting provided by the package and execute requests without limiting.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nNo fix is currently available. Consider using an alternative module until a fix is made available.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "express-brute"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "1.0.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/AdamPflug/express-brute/issues/46"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-EXPRESSBRUTE-174457"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/823"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-77" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2019-06-07T21:01:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}