Vulnerabilities in pkg:npm/defuddle

PACKAGE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-jg4p-g6xj-4qmf
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Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-61824 is a HIGH (CVSS 8.2) cross-site scripting vulnerability (CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output) affecting Defuddle libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves defuddle vulnerable to xss via unescaped attribute interpolation in site extractors. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.19.1.

2 Known Advisory Record(s)
Package Vulnerability Intelligence

pkg:npm/defuddle

2 Known Advisory Record(s)

Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:npm/defuddle. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.

Advisory ID CVE / NVD Severity Summary
GHSA-jg4p-g6xj-4qmf CVE-2026-61824 HIGH Defuddle vulnerable to XSS via unescaped attribute interpolation in site extractors
GHSA-5mq8-78gm-pjmq CVE-2026-30830 LOW defuddle vulnerable to XSS via unescaped string interpolation in _findContentBySchemaText image tag

CVE-2026-61824 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-61824
GHSA Identifier GHSA-jg4p-g6xj-4qmf
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 8.2
CWE Classification CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Affected Product Defuddle
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 8.2

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2026-61824

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Defuddle dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

defuddle fixed: 0.19.1 
npm install defuddle@0.19.1
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls defuddle

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2026-61824, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls defuddle

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Defuddle in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.19.1), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls defuddle command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output, where the product prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. as a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved. In Defuddle, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Summary An Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation issue in the site extractor component allows an attacker-controlled attribute value to be injected into output HTML without escaping. An attacker who crafts a malicious HTML page or controls content on a matching domain can execute arbitrary scripts when a victim processes the page, resulting in Cross-Site Scripting (XSS). This affects defuddle through 0.19.0 and has been patched in version 0.19.1. ## Impact This vulnerability allows for Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) execution without needing to compromise external websites. Affected consumers include: - Obsidian Web Clipper, - web services serving the parsed output directly as HTML, and - any downstream application rendering the unsanitized HTML results ## Patch This issue has been patched in defuddle version 0.19.1. Users are encouraged to update to the latest release.

CVE-2026-61824 Affected Defuddle Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
0.19.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
defuddle
npm/defuddle
npm
< 0.19.1
0.19.1

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/kepano/defuddle/security/advisories/GHSA-jg4p-g6xj-4qmf
Defuddle Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/kepano/defuddle/pull/326
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/kepano/defuddle/commit/baf2eaef61d334ef595b28c89e5c5e89e52daf7f
Defuddle Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/kepano/defuddle
Defuddle Release RELEASE
https://github.com/kepano/defuddle/releases/tag/0.19.1

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-61824?
CVE-2026-61824 is a security vulnerability in Defuddle involving Defuddle vulnerable to XSS via unescaped attribute interpolation in site extractors under CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output.
Which Defuddle versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 0.19.1 across affected packages: defuddle.
What version fixes CVE-2026-61824?
Upgrading to 0.19.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is defuddle affected?
Yes, defuddle is affected in releases prior to 0.19.1. Upgrade your dependency to 0.19.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-61824?
CVE-2026-61824 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.2 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-61824?
CVE-2026-61824 is classified under CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output (The product prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2026-61824?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls defuddle'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-jg4p-g6xj-4qmf",
  "modified" : "2026-08-21T20:54:56Z",
  "published" : "2026-08-21T20:54:56Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-61824" ],
  "summary" : "Defuddle vulnerable to XSS via unescaped attribute interpolation in site extractors",
  "details" : "## Summary\n\nAn Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation issue in the site extractor component allows an attacker-controlled attribute value to be injected into output HTML without escaping. An attacker who crafts a malicious HTML page or controls content on a matching domain can execute arbitrary scripts when a victim processes the page, resulting in Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).  This affects defuddle through 0.19.0 and has been patched in version 0.19.1.\n\n## Impact\n\nThis vulnerability allows for Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) execution without needing to compromise external websites. Affected consumers include:\n- Obsidian Web Clipper, \n- web services serving the parsed output directly as HTML, and \n- any downstream application rendering the unsanitized HTML results\n\n## Patch\nThis issue has been patched in defuddle version 0.19.1. Users are encouraged to update to the latest release.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "defuddle"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.19.1"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 0.19.0"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/kepano/defuddle/security/advisories/GHSA-jg4p-g6xj-4qmf"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/kepano/defuddle/pull/326"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/kepano/defuddle/commit/baf2eaef61d334ef595b28c89e5c5e89e52daf7f"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/kepano/defuddle"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/kepano/defuddle/releases/tag/0.19.1"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-116", "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-08-21T20:54:56Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}