Vulnerabilities in pkg:npm/controlled-merge

PACKAGE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-5pg7-v24c-9rp9
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Advisory Summary

CVE-2020-28268 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) prototype pollution vulnerability (CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')) affecting Controlled merge libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves prototype pollution in controlled-merge. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.3.0.

1 Known Advisory Record(s)
Package Vulnerability Intelligence

pkg:npm/controlled-merge

1 Known Advisory Record(s)

Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:npm/controlled-merge. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.

Advisory ID CVE / NVD Severity Summary
GHSA-5pg7-v24c-9rp9 CVE-2020-28268 HIGH Prototype pollution in controlled-merge

CVE-2020-28268 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2020-28268
GHSA Identifier GHSA-5pg7-v24c-9rp9
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Affected Product Controlled merge
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2020-28268

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Controlled merge dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

controlled-merge fixed: 1.3.0 
npm install controlled-merge@1.3.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls controlled-merge

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2020-28268, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls controlled-merge

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Controlled merge in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.3.0), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls controlled-merge command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), where the product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. In Controlled merge, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'controlled-merge' versions 1.0.0 through 1.2.0 allows attacker to cause a denial of service and may lead to remote code execution.

CVE-2020-28268 Affected Controlled merge Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.3.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
controlled-merge
npm/controlled-merge
npm
≥ 1.0.0
< 1.3.0
1.3.0

References

NVD — CVE-2020-28268 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28268
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/hlfshell/controlled-merge/commit/5a4b2e9ffe5a0be7f8843d4ab038599d3ae5f9d4
www.npmjs.com/package/controlled-... WEB
https://www.npmjs.com/package/controlled-merge
www.whitesourcesoftware.com/vulnerability-datab... WEB
https://www.whitesourcesoftware.com/vulnerability-database/CVE-2020-28268

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2020-28268?
CVE-2020-28268 is a security vulnerability in Controlled merge involving Prototype pollution in controlled-merge under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution').
Which Controlled merge versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.3.0 across affected packages: controlled-merge.
What version fixes CVE-2020-28268?
Upgrading to 1.3.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is controlled-merge affected?
Yes, controlled-merge is affected in releases prior to 1.3.0. Upgrade your dependency to 1.3.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2020-28268?
CVE-2020-28268 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2020-28268?
CVE-2020-28268 is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution') (The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2020-28268?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls controlled-merge'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-5pg7-v24c-9rp9",
  "modified" : "2021-04-19T22:11:46Z",
  "published" : "2021-05-18T01:53:46Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2020-28268" ],
  "summary" : "Prototype pollution in controlled-merge",
  "details" : "Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'controlled-merge' versions 1.0.0 through 1.2.0 allows attacker to cause a denial of service and may lead to remote code execution.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "controlled-merge"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.3.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28268"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/hlfshell/controlled-merge/commit/5a4b2e9ffe5a0be7f8843d4ab038599d3ae5f9d4"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.npmjs.com/package/controlled-merge"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.whitesourcesoftware.com/vulnerability-database/CVE-2020-28268"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-04-19T22:11:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2020-11-15T23:15:00Z"
  }
}