Vulnerabilities in pkg:maven/org.springframework.ai/spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store

PACKAGE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-63c8-m9m2-cvr3
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Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-40978 is a HIGH (CVSS 8.8) sql injection vulnerability (CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')) affecting Spring Framework libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves spring ai has sql injection in cosmosdbvectorstore.dodelete(). Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.0.6, 1.1.5.

1 Known Advisory Record(s)
Package Vulnerability Intelligence

pkg:maven/org.springframework.ai/spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store

1 Known Advisory Record(s)

Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:maven/org.springframework.ai/spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.

Advisory ID CVE / NVD Severity Summary
GHSA-63c8-m9m2-cvr3 CVE-2026-40978 HIGH Spring AI has SQL Injection in CosmosDBVectorStore.doDelete()

CVE-2026-40978 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-40978
GHSA Identifier GHSA-63c8-m9m2-cvr3
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 8.8
CWE Classification CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Affected Product Spring Framework
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 8.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-40978

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Spring Framework dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store fixed: 1.0.6 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.6</version>
</dependency>
org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store fixed: 1.1.5 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.ai</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.5</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.ai

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-40978, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.ai

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Spring Framework in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.0.6), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.ai command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an sql command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended sql command when it is sent to a downstream component. without sufficient removal or quoting of sql syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated sql query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as sql instead of ordinary user data. In Spring Framework, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

SQL injection vulnerability in Spring AI's `CosmosDBVectorStore` allows attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries via crafted document IDs. Affected versions: Spring AI: 1.0.0 - 1.0.5 (fixed in 1.0.6), 1.1.0 - 1.1.4 (fixed in 1.1.5).

CVE-2026-40978 Affected Spring Framework Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.0.61.1.5
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store
maven/org.springframework.ai/spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store
Maven
≥ 1.0.0
< 1.0.6
1.0.6
org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store
maven/org.springframework.ai/spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store
Maven
≥ 1.1.0
< 1.1.5
1.1.5

References

NVD — CVE-2026-40978 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40978
Spring Framework Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-ai
Spring Framework Security Information SECURITY
https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-40978

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-40978?
CVE-2026-40978 is a security vulnerability in Spring Framework involving Spring AI has SQL Injection in CosmosDBVectorStore.doDelete() under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection').
Which Spring Framework versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.0.6, 1.1.5 across affected packages: org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store.
What version fixes CVE-2026-40978?
Upgrading to 1.0.6, 1.1.5 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store affected?
Yes, org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store is affected in releases prior to 1.0.6, 1.1.5. Upgrade your dependency to 1.0.6, 1.1.5 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-40978?
CVE-2026-40978 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-40978?
CVE-2026-40978 is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') (The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-40978?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.ai'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-63c8-m9m2-cvr3",
  "modified" : "2026-05-06T19:54:17Z",
  "published" : "2026-04-28T09:34:13Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-40978" ],
  "summary" : "Spring AI has SQL Injection in CosmosDBVectorStore.doDelete()",
  "details" : "SQL injection vulnerability in Spring AI's `CosmosDBVectorStore` allows attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries via crafted document IDs.\n\nAffected versions:\nSpring AI: 1.0.0 - 1.0.5 (fixed in 1.0.6), 1.1.0 - 1.1.4 (fixed in 1.1.5).",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.0.6"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.springframework.ai:spring-ai-azure-cosmos-db-store"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.1.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.1.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40978"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-ai"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-40978"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-05-06T19:54:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-04-28T09:16:16Z"
  }
}