Vulnerabilities in pkg:maven/io.opentelemetry/opentelemetry-extension-trace-propagators

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-rcgg-9c38-7xpx",
  "modified" : "2026-06-09T02:01:11Z",
  "published" : "2026-05-14T16:36:04Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-45292" ],
  "summary" : "OpenTelemetry Java SDK has Unbounded Memory Allocation in W3C Baggage Propagation",
  "details" : "## Overview\n\nA vulnerability affects the baggage propagation implementation in\n`opentelemetry-api` and `opentelemetry-extension-trace-propagators`. Parsing oversized baggage\ncauses unbounded memory allocation and CPU consumption. Because baggage is automatically\nre-injected into every outgoing request, the effect can fan out to downstream services that\nnever received the original malicious request.\n\n## Technical Details\n\n- `W3CBaggagePropagator` did not enforce any limit on the total size or entry count of the\n  `baggage` header. The parser iterated character-by-character through the entire value\n  regardless of length.\n- `JaegerPropagator` and `OtTracePropagator` had the same gap in their respective baggage\n  extraction paths.\n- The W3C Baggage specification recommends a maximum of 8,192 bytes and 180 entries; none of\n  these limits were enforced.\n\n## Impact\n\nThe practical availability impact for most deployments is limited. Every major Java HTTP server\nenforces its own header size limit (Tomcat, Jetty, Netty, Vert.x, and gRPC-Java all default to\n8 KiB), constraining what an external attacker can deliver before the application is reached.\nThe risk is higher when transport-layer limits are absent — e.g., a compromised internal service\ncommunicating over a non-HTTP or custom transport.\n\n## Remediation\n\nUpdate to version 1.62.0 or later ([#8380](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/pull/8380)).\nThe fix enforces limits consistent with the W3C Baggage specification at the propagator level:\n\n- Maximum total baggage size: 8,192 bytes across all `baggage` header values\n- Maximum number of entries: 64\n\nHeaders that would exceed either limit are dropped at the point the limit is reached;\nalready-extracted valid entries are retained.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nEnsure HTTP header size limits are configured at the server or gateway level. Most Java HTTP\nservers enforce an 8 KiB header limit by default, which mitigates external attack vectors\nindependently of this fix.\n\n## References\n\n- [W3C Baggage Specification §Limits](https://www.w3.org/TR/baggage/#limits)",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-api"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.62.0"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 1.61.0"
    }
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-extension-trace-propagators"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.62.0"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 1.61.0"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/security/advisories/GHSA-rcgg-9c38-7xpx"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45292"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/pull/8380"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/commit/03837d3c1763bc35464aea1078671e2ef2336a5f"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/releases/tag/v1.62.0"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-770" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-05-14T16:36:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-05-28T17:16:32Z"
  }
}