Vulnerabilities in pkg:maven/io.grpc/grpc-protobuf
PACKAGECVE-2023-1428 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) grpc reachable assertion issue vulnerability (CWE-617: Reachable Assertion) affecting Grpc protobuf libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves grpc reachable assertion issue. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.53.0.
pkg:maven/io.grpc/grpc-protobuf
Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:maven/io.grpc/grpc-protobuf. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.
| Advisory ID | CVE / NVD | Severity | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| GHSA-6628-q6j9-w8vg | CVE-2023-1428 | HIGH | gRPC Reachable Assertion issue |
| GHSA-9hxf-ppjv-w6rq | CVE-2023-32732 | MODERATE | gRPC connection termination issue |
| GHSA-cfgp-2977-2fmm | CVE-2023-32731 | HIGH | Connection confusion in gRPC |
CVE-2023-1428 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 7.5
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
How to Fix CVE-2023-1428
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Grpc protobuf dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
<dependency>
<groupId>io.grpc</groupId>
<artifactId>grpc-protobuf</artifactId>
<version>1.53.0</version>
</dependency>pip install grpcio>=1.53.0Upgrade grpc to 1.53.0Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.grpcHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2023-1428, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.grpcAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of Grpc protobuf in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.53.0), your application is affected.
Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.grpc command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-617: Reachable Assertion, where the product contains an assert() or similar statement that can be triggered by an attacker, which leads to an application exit or other behavior that is more severe than necessary. In Grpc protobuf, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2023-1428 Affected Grpc protobuf Versions
3 component(s)| Product / Package | Ecosystem | Affected Versions | Fixed Version |
|---|---|---|---|
|
io.grpc:grpc-protobuf
|
Maven |
≥ 1.51.0
< 1.53.0
|
1.53.0
|
|
grpcio
|
PyPI |
≥ 1.51.0
< 1.53.0
|
1.53.0
|
|
grpc
|
RubyGems |
≥ 1.51.0
< 1.53.0
|
1.53.0
|
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2023-1428?
Which Grpc protobuf versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2023-1428?
Is grpc-protobuf affected?
Is grpcio affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-1428?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-1428?
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2023-1428?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-6628-q6j9-w8vg",
"modified" : "2025-08-13T15:05:17Z",
"published" : "2023-07-06T21:15:08Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-1428" ],
"summary" : "gRPC Reachable Assertion issue",
"details" : "There exists an vulnerability causing an abort() to be called in gRPC. \nThe following headers cause gRPC's C++ implementation to abort() when called via http2:\n\nte: x (x != trailers)\n\n:scheme: x (x != http, https)\n\ngrpclb_client_stats: x (x == anything)\n\nOn top of sending one of those headers, a later header must be sent that gets the total header size past 8KB. We recommend upgrading past git commit 2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8 or v1.53 and above.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "io.grpc:grpc-protobuf"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "1.51.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "1.53.0"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "PyPI",
"name" : "grpcio"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "1.51.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "1.53.0"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
"name" : "grpc"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "1.51.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "1.53.0"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1428"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/33463"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/grpc/grpc/commit/2485fa94bd8a723e5c977d55a3ce10b301b437f8"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/grpc/CVE-2023-1428.yml"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-617" ],
"severity" : "HIGH",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2023-07-06T23:56:28Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2023-06-09T11:15:09Z"
}
}