Vulnerabilities in pkg:golang/github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core

PACKAGE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-qmg5-v42x-qqhq
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Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-66507 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) 1panel – captcha bypass vulnerability (CWE-807: Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision) affecting Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel libraries in the Go ecosystem. The issue involves 1panel – captcha bypass via client-controlled flag. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.0.14, 0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be.

2 Known Advisory Record(s)
Package Vulnerability Intelligence

pkg:golang/github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core

2 Known Advisory Record(s)

Vulnerability advisories affecting package pkg:golang/github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core. Select an advisory below to view technical details or fixes.

Advisory ID CVE / NVD Severity Summary
GHSA-qmg5-v42x-qqhq CVE-2025-66507 HIGH 1Panel – CAPTCHA Bypass via Client-Controlled Flag
GHSA-8j63-96wh-wh3j CVE-2025-54424 HIGH 1Panel agent certificate verification bypass leading to arbitrary command execution

CVE-2025-66507 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-66507
GHSA Identifier GHSA-qmg5-v42x-qqhq
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-807: Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision
Affected Product Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel
Package Ecosystem Go
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-66507

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel fixed: 2.0.14 
Upgrade github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel to 2.0.14
github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core fixed: 0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be 
Upgrade github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core to 0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-66507, inspect your project dependencies for Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel:

inspect dependencies for github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.0.14), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-807: Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision, where the product uses a protection mechanism that relies on the existence or values of an input, but the input can be modified by an untrusted actor in a way that bypasses the protection mechanism. In Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Summary A CAPTCHA bypass vulnerability in the 1Panel authentication API allows an unauthenticated attacker to disable CAPTCHA verification by abusing a client-controlled parameter. Because the server previously trusted this value without proper validation, CAPTCHA protections could be bypassed, enabling automated login attempts and significantly increasing the risk of account takeover (ATO). ### Details The /api/login endpoint accepts a boolean field named ignoreCaptcha directly from the client request body: `"ignoreCaptcha": true` The backend implementation uses this value to determine whether CAPTCHA validation should be performed: ``` if !req.IgnoreCaptcha { if errMsg := captcha.VerifyCode(req.CaptchaID, req.Captcha); errMsg != "" { helper.BadAuth(c, errMsg, nil) return } } ``` Because req.IgnoreCaptcha is taken directly from user input—with no server-side validation, no session binding, and no privilege checks—any unauthenticated attacker can force CAPTCHA validation to be skipped. There are no additional conditions, such as: no requirement for MFA no trusted device no IP reputation checks no prior valid session no rate limiting This results in CAPTCHA being entirely client-controlled, which violates fundamental authentication and anti-automation security assumptions.

CVE-2025-66507 Affected Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.0.140.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel
golang/github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel
Go
< 2.0.14
2.0.14
github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core
golang/github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core
Go
< 0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be
0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/advisories/GHSA-qmg5-v42x-qqhq
NVD — CVE-2025-66507 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66507
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/commit/ac43f00273be745f8d04b90b6e2b9c1a40ef7bca
Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel
Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel Release RELEASE
https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/releases/tag/v2.0.14

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-66507?
CVE-2025-66507 is a security vulnerability in Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel involving 1Panel – CAPTCHA Bypass via Client-Controlled Flag under CWE-807: Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision.
Which Github.com/1Panel dev/1Panel versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.0.14, 0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be across affected packages: github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel, github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core.
What version fixes CVE-2025-66507?
Upgrading to 2.0.14, 0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel affected?
Yes, github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel is affected in releases prior to 2.0.14. Upgrade your dependency to 2.0.14 or later.
Is github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core affected?
Yes, github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core is affected in releases prior to 0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be. Upgrade your dependency to 0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-66507?
CVE-2025-66507 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-66507?
CVE-2025-66507 is classified under CWE-807: Reliance on Untrusted Inputs in a Security Decision (The product uses a protection mechanism that relies on the existence or values of an input, but the input can be modified by an untrusted actor in a way that bypasses the protection mechanism.).
How can I check Go dependencies for CVE-2025-66507?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-qmg5-v42x-qqhq",
  "modified" : "2025-12-09T19:19:10Z",
  "published" : "2025-12-08T17:56:27Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-66507" ],
  "summary" : "1Panel – CAPTCHA Bypass via Client-Controlled Flag ",
  "details" : "### Summary\n\nA CAPTCHA bypass vulnerability in the 1Panel authentication API allows an unauthenticated attacker to disable CAPTCHA verification by abusing a client-controlled parameter. Because the server previously trusted this value without proper validation, CAPTCHA protections could be bypassed, enabling automated login attempts and significantly increasing the risk of account takeover (ATO).\n\n### Details\n\nThe /api/login endpoint accepts a boolean field named ignoreCaptcha directly from the client request body:\n\n`\"ignoreCaptcha\": true`\n\n\nThe backend implementation uses this value to determine whether CAPTCHA validation should be performed:\n\n```\nif !req.IgnoreCaptcha {\n    if errMsg := captcha.VerifyCode(req.CaptchaID, req.Captcha); errMsg != \"\" {\n        helper.BadAuth(c, errMsg, nil)\n        return\n    }\n}\n\n```\n\nBecause req.IgnoreCaptcha is taken directly from user input—with no server-side validation, no session binding, and no privilege checks—any unauthenticated attacker can force CAPTCHA validation to be skipped.\n\nThere are no additional conditions, such as:\n\nno requirement for MFA\n\nno trusted device\n\nno IP reputation checks\n\nno prior valid session\n\nno rate limiting\n\nThis results in CAPTCHA being entirely client-controlled, which violates fundamental authentication and anti-automation security assumptions.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.0.14"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/core"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.0.0-20251128030527-ac43f00273be"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/advisories/GHSA-qmg5-v42x-qqhq"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66507"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/commit/ac43f00273be745f8d04b90b6e2b9c1a40ef7bca"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/releases/tag/v2.0.14"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-290", "CWE-602", "CWE-807" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-12-08T17:56:27Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-12-09T16:18:19Z"
  }
}