CVE-2026-85454: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-793h-4m99-4gx3
Share
CVSS 6.1
CWE-193
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-85454 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.1) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-193: Off-by-one Error) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when a product calculates or uses an incorrect maximum or minimum value that is 1 more, or 1 less, than the correct value.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2026-85454 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-85454
GHSA Identifier GHSA-793h-4m99-4gx3
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.1
CWE Classification CWE-193: Off-by-one Error
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Physical (AV:P)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-85454

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-85454, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-193: Off-by-one Error, where a product calculates or uses an incorrect maximum or minimum value that is 1 more, or 1 less, than the correct value. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

MOOS core-moos through 10.4.0 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in CMOOSSerialPort::GetTelegram() that writes a NUL terminator one byte past the serial telegram stack buffer. Attackers controlling the serial line can send a full-length telegram to trigger the off-by-one write, corrupting the stack and potentially enabling code execution.

References

NVD — CVE-2026-85454 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85454
Software Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/themoos/core-moos/pull/73
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/themoos/core-moos/commit/befb04df2039d0080715ea35f56268092db4ec0f
Software Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/themoos/core-moos
Software Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/themoos/core-moos/blob/ec9c77c68fcbdef8f5e4c60fe243acd223433f0c/Core/libMOOS/Utils/MOOSSerialPort.cpp#L595
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/moos-cor... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/moos-core-moos-through-10.4.0-off-by-one-buffer-overflow-in-serial-telegram-handling

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-85454?
CVE-2026-85454 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-193: Off-by-one Error.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2026-85454?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-85454?
CVE-2026-85454 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-85454?
CVE-2026-85454 is classified under CWE-193: Off-by-one Error (A product calculates or uses an incorrect maximum or minimum value that is 1 more, or 1 less, than the correct value.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-85454?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-793h-4m99-4gx3",
  "modified" : "2026-09-04T00:31:10Z",
  "published" : "2026-09-04T00:31:10Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-85454" ],
  "details" : "MOOS core-moos through 10.4.0 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in CMOOSSerialPort::GetTelegram() that writes a NUL terminator one byte past the serial telegram stack buffer. Attackers controlling the serial line can send a full-length telegram to trigger the off-by-one write, corrupting the stack and potentially enabling code execution.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85454"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/themoos/core-moos/pull/73"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/themoos/core-moos/commit/befb04df2039d0080715ea35f56268092db4ec0f"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/themoos/core-moos"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/themoos/core-moos/blob/ec9c77c68fcbdef8f5e4c60fe243acd223433f0c/Core/libMOOS/Utils/MOOSSerialPort.cpp#L595"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/moos-core-moos-through-10.4.0-off-by-one-buffer-overflow-in-serial-telegram-handling"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-193" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-09-03T23:17:25Z"
  }
}