CVE-2026-8178: Redshift jdbc42 Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-wmmv-vvg5-993q
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CVSS 8.1
CWE-470
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-8178 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 8.1) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')) affecting Redshift jdbc42 libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves amazon redshift vulnerable to remote code execution via unsafe class loading. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.2.2.

CVE-2026-8178 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-8178
GHSA Identifier GHSA-wmmv-vvg5-993q
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 8.1
CWE Classification CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Affected Product Redshift jdbc42
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 8.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-8178

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Redshift jdbc42 dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

com.amazon.redshift:redshift-jdbc42 fixed: 2.2.2 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.amazon.redshift</groupId>
    <artifactId>redshift-jdbc42</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.amazon.redshift

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-8178, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.amazon.redshift

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Redshift jdbc42 in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.2.2), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.amazon.redshift command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection'), where the product uses external input with reflection to select which classes or code to use, but it does not sufficiently prevent the input from selecting improper classes or code. In Redshift jdbc42, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Summary Amazon Redshift JDBC Driver is a Type 4 JDBC driver that provides database connectivity through the standard JDBC application program interfaces (APIs). An issue exists in versions prior to 2.2.2 where the driver could load arbitrary classes when processing certain connection URL parameters, potentially allowing code execution in the application context. ### Impact When a JDBC connection URL contains certain parameters, the driver processes the parameter values in a way that could trigger the execution of code from classes available on the application's classpath. An actor who can influence the JDBC connection URL could leverage this to execute code in the context of the application's JVM process. Successful exploitation could allow the actor to read sensitive data, modify application state, or disrupt service availability with the privileges of the application process. Impacted versions: Amazon Redshift JDBC Driver < 2.2.2 ### Patches This issue has been addressed in Amazon Redshift JDBC Driver version [2.2.2](https://github.com/aws/amazon-redshift-jdbc-driver/releases/tag/v2.2.2). We recommend upgrading to the latest version and ensuring any forked or derivative code is patched to incorporate the new fixes. ### References If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, we ask that you contact AWS Security via our [vulnerability reporting page](https://aws.amazon.com/security/vulnerability-reporting) or directly via email to [aws-security@amazon.com](mailto:aws-security@amazon.com). Please do not create a public GitHub issue. ### Acknowledgement We would like to thank [Fushuling](https://github.com/Fushuling) for collaborating on this issue through the coordinated issue disclosure process.

CVE-2026-8178 Affected Redshift jdbc42 Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.2.2
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
com.amazon.redshift:redshift-jdbc42
maven/com.amazon.redshift/redshift-jdbc42
Maven
< 2.2.2
2.2.2

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/aws/amazon-redshift-jdbc-driver/security/advisories/GHSA-wmmv-vvg5-993q
NVD — CVE-2026-8178 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8178
Redshift jdbc42 Security Information SECURITY
https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletins/2026-028-aws
Redshift jdbc42 Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/aws/amazon-redshift-jdbc-driver
Redshift jdbc42 Release RELEASE
https://github.com/aws/amazon-redshift-jdbc-driver/releases/tag/v2.2.2

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-8178?
CVE-2026-8178 is a security vulnerability in Redshift jdbc42 involving Amazon Redshift Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Unsafe Class Loading under CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection').
Which Redshift jdbc42 versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.2.2 across affected packages: com.amazon.redshift:redshift-jdbc42.
What version fixes CVE-2026-8178?
Upgrading to 2.2.2 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is redshift-jdbc42 affected?
Yes, com.amazon.redshift:redshift-jdbc42 is affected in releases prior to 2.2.2. Upgrade your dependency to 2.2.2 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-8178?
CVE-2026-8178 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-8178?
CVE-2026-8178 is classified under CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection') (The product uses external input with reflection to select which classes or code to use, but it does not sufficiently prevent the input from selecting improper classes or code.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-8178?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.amazon.redshift'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-wmmv-vvg5-993q",
  "modified" : "2026-05-14T13:09:52Z",
  "published" : "2026-05-14T13:09:52Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-8178" ],
  "summary" : "Amazon Redshift Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Unsafe Class Loading",
  "details" : "### Summary\nAmazon Redshift JDBC Driver is a Type 4 JDBC driver that provides database connectivity through the standard JDBC application program interfaces (APIs). An issue exists in versions prior to 2.2.2 where the driver could load arbitrary classes when processing certain connection URL parameters, potentially allowing code execution in the application context.\n\n### Impact\nWhen a JDBC connection URL contains certain parameters, the driver processes the parameter values in a way that could trigger the execution of code from classes available on the application's classpath. An actor who can influence the JDBC connection URL could leverage this to execute code in the context of the application's JVM process. Successful exploitation could allow the actor to read sensitive data, modify application state, or disrupt service availability with the privileges of the application process.\n\nImpacted versions: Amazon Redshift JDBC Driver < 2.2.2\n\n### Patches\nThis issue has been addressed in Amazon Redshift JDBC Driver version [2.2.2](https://github.com/aws/amazon-redshift-jdbc-driver/releases/tag/v2.2.2). We recommend upgrading to the latest version and ensuring any forked or derivative code is patched to incorporate the new fixes.\n\n### References\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, we ask that you contact AWS Security via our [vulnerability reporting page](https://aws.amazon.com/security/vulnerability-reporting) or directly via email to [aws-security@amazon.com](mailto:aws-security@amazon.com). Please do not create a public GitHub issue.\n\n### Acknowledgement\nWe would like to thank [Fushuling](https://github.com/Fushuling) for collaborating on this issue through the coordinated issue disclosure process.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.amazon.redshift:redshift-jdbc42"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.2.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/aws/amazon-redshift-jdbc-driver/security/advisories/GHSA-wmmv-vvg5-993q"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8178"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://aws.amazon.com/security/security-bulletins/2026-028-aws"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/aws/amazon-redshift-jdbc-driver"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/aws/amazon-redshift-jdbc-driver/releases/tag/v2.2.2"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-470" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-05-14T13:09:52Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-05-08T19:16:31Z"
  }
}