CVE-2026-33660: N8n Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
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CVSS 9.9
CWE-89 CWE-94
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-33660 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.9) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')) affecting N8n libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves n8n has multiple remote code execution vulnerabilities in merge node alasql sql mode. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.14.1, 2.13.3, 1.123.27.

CVE-2026-33660 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-33660
GHSA Identifier GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.9
CWE Classification CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Affected Product N8n
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-33660

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected N8n dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

n8n fixed: 2.14.1 
npm install n8n@2.14.1
n8n fixed: 2.13.3 
npm install n8n@2.13.3
n8n fixed: 1.123.27 
npm install n8n@1.123.27
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls n8n

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2026-33660, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls n8n

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of N8n in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.14.1), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls n8n command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an sql command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended sql command when it is sent to a downstream component. without sufficient removal or quoting of sql syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated sql query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as sql instead of ordinary user data. In N8n, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Impact An authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could use the Merge node's "Combine by SQL" mode to read local files on the n8n host and achieve remote code execution. The AlaSQL sandbox did not sufficiently restrict certain SQL statements, allowing an attacker to access sensitive files on the server or even compromise the intance. ## Patches The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.14.1, 2.13.3, and 1.123.27. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. ## Workarounds If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: - Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only. - Disable the Merge node by adding `n8n-nodes-base.merge` to the `NODES_EXCLUDE` environment variable. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.

CVE-2026-33660 Affected N8n Versions

3 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.14.12.13.31.123.27
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
≥ 2.14.0
< 2.14.1
All 1 versions
2.14.0
2.14.1
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
≥ 2.0.0-rc.0
< 2.13.3
2.13.3
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
< 1.123.27
1.123.27

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v
NVD — CVE-2026-33660 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33660
N8n Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-33660?
CVE-2026-33660 is a security vulnerability in N8n involving n8n has Multiple Remote Code Execution Vulnerabilities in Merge Node AlaSQL SQL Mode under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection').
Which N8n versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.14.1, 2.13.3, 1.123.27 across affected packages: n8n.
What version fixes CVE-2026-33660?
Upgrading to 2.14.1, 2.13.3, 1.123.27 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is n8n affected?
Yes, n8n is affected in releases prior to 2.14.1, 2.13.3, 1.123.27. Upgrade your dependency to 2.14.1, 2.13.3, 1.123.27 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-33660?
CVE-2026-33660 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.9 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-33660?
CVE-2026-33660 is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') (The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2026-33660?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls n8n'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v",
  "modified" : "2026-03-25T21:07:45Z",
  "published" : "2026-03-25T21:07:45Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-33660" ],
  "summary" : "n8n has Multiple Remote Code Execution Vulnerabilities in Merge Node AlaSQL SQL Mode",
  "details" : "## Impact\nAn authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could use the Merge node's \"Combine by SQL\" mode to read local files on the n8n host and achieve remote code execution. The AlaSQL sandbox did not sufficiently restrict certain SQL statements, allowing an attacker to access sensitive files on the server or even compromise the intance.\n\n## Patches\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.14.1, 2.13.3, and 1.123.27. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n## Workarounds\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.\n- Disable the Merge node by adding `n8n-nodes-base.merge` to the `NODES_EXCLUDE` environment variable.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "n8n"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.14.0"
      }, {
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      } ]
    } ],
    "versions" : [ "2.14.0" ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "n8n"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
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      }, {
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      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "n8n"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.123.27"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-58qr-rcgv-642v"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33660"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89", "CWE-94" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-03-25T21:07:45Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-03-25T18:16:32Z"
  }
}