CVE-2026-27497: N8n Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
CRITICALCVE-2026-27497 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.9) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')) affecting N8n libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves n8n has potential remote code execution via merge node. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.123.22, 2.9.3, 2.10.1.
CVE-2026-27497 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 9.9
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
How to Fix CVE-2026-27497
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected N8n dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
npm install n8n@1.123.22npm install n8n@2.9.3npm install n8n@2.10.1Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
npm ls n8nHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2026-27497, inspect your project dependencies using npm:
npm ls n8nAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of N8n in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.123.22), your application is affected.
Note: The npm ls n8n command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an sql command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended sql command when it is sent to a downstream component. without sufficient removal or quoting of sql syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated sql query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as sql instead of ordinary user data. In N8n, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2026-27497 Affected N8n Versions
3 component(s)References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2026-27497?
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What version fixes CVE-2026-27497?
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What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-27497?
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Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-wxx7-mcgf-j869",
"modified" : "2026-02-27T21:51:29Z",
"published" : "2026-02-25T21:23:30Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-27497" ],
"summary" : "n8n has Potential Remote Code Execution via Merge Node",
"details" : "## Impact\nAn authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could leverage the Merge node's SQL query mode to execute arbitrary code and write arbitrary files on the n8n server.\n\n## Patches\nThe issues have been fixed in n8n versions 2.10.1, 2.9.3, and 1.123.22. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate all known vulnerabilities.\n\n## Workarounds\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Limit workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.\n- Disable the Merge node by adding `n8n-nodes-base.merge` to the `NODES_EXCLUDE` environment variable.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"
}, {
"type" : "CVSS_V4",
"score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "n8n"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "0"
}, {
"fixed" : "1.123.22"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "n8n"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "2.0.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "2.9.3"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "n8n"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "2.10.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "2.10.1"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-wxx7-mcgf-j869"
}, {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27497"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.22"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.10.1"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.9.3"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89", "CWE-94" ],
"severity" : "CRITICAL",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2026-02-25T21:23:30Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2026-02-25T23:16:21Z"
}
}