CVE-2026-22870: Guarddog Denial of Service Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-ffj4-jq7m-9g6v",
  "modified" : "2026-01-13T21:54:42Z",
  "published" : "2026-01-13T21:54:41Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-22870" ],
  "summary" : "GuardDog Zip Bomb Vulnerability in safe_extract() Allows DoS",
  "details" : "## Summary\n\nGuardDog's `safe_extract()` function does not validate decompressed file sizes when extracting ZIP archives (wheels, eggs), allowing attackers to cause denial of service through zip bombs. A malicious package can consume gigabytes of disk space from a few megabytes of compressed data.\n\n## Vulnerability Details\n\n**Affected Component:** `guarddog/utils/archives.py` - `safe_extract()` function  \n**Vulnerability Type:** CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Zip Bomb)  \n**Severity:** HIGH (CVSS ~8)  \n**Attack Vector:** Network (malicious package uploaded to PyPI/npm) or local\n\n### Root Cause\n\nThe `safe_extract()` function handles TAR files securely using the `tarsafe` library, but ZIP file extraction has no size validation:\n```python\nelif zipfile.is_zipfile(source_archive):\n    with zipfile.ZipFile(source_archive, \"r\") as zip:\n        for file in zip.namelist():\n            zip.extract(file, path=os.path.join(target_directory, file))\n```\n\n**Missing protections:**\n- ❌ No decompressed size limit\n- ❌ No compression ratio validation  \n- ❌ No file count limits\n- ❌ No total extracted size validation\n\n## Impact\n\n### Denial of Service Scenarios\n\n**1. CI/CD Pipeline Disruption**\n- Attacker publishes malicious package to PyPI\n- Developer adds package to requirements.txt\n- CI/CD runs GuardDog scan\n- Disk fills (GitHub Actions: standard 14GB limit)\n- All deployments blocked\n\n**2. Resource Exhaustion**\n- Local development environments\n- Security scanning infrastructure  \n- Automated scanning systems\n- Docker containers with limited disk\n\n**3. Supply Chain Attack Amplification**\n- Single malicious package blocks security scanning\n- Prevents detection of other malicious packages\n- Forces manual intervention\n- Increases security team workload\n\n## Recommended Fix\n\nAdd size validation for ZIP files similar to what `tarsafe` provides for TAR files\n\n### Configuration Options\n\nMake limits configurable via environment variables or config file\n\n## Additional Improvements\n\n1. **Add warning logs** when archives approach limits\n2. **Provide clear error messages** for users\n3. **Document limits** in user-facing documentation\n4. **Add tests** for zip bomb detection\n5. **Consider using a safe ZIP library** (similar to tarsafe)\n\n## Credit\n\nReported by: Charbel (dwbruijn)",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "guarddog"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.7.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/DataDog/guarddog/security/advisories/GHSA-ffj4-jq7m-9g6v"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22870"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/DataDog/guarddog/commit/c3fb07b4838945f42497e78b7a02bcfb1e63969b"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/DataDog/guarddog"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-409" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-01-13T21:54:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-01-13T21:15:55Z"
  }
}