CVE-2025-9604: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-966j-x6rp-f492
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CVSS 3.7
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-9604 is a MODERATE (CVSS 3.7) security vulnerability vulnerability (General Security Weakness) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-9604 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-9604
GHSA Identifier GHSA-966j-x6rp-f492
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 3.7
CWE Classification General Security Weakness
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 3.7

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-9604

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-9604, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under General Security Weakness. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

A vulnerability was identified in coze-studio up to 0.2.4. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file backend/domain/plugin/encrypt/aes.go. The manipulation of the argument AuthSecretKey/StateSecretKey/OAuthTokenSecretKey leads to use of hard-coded cryptographic key . It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The attack is considered to have high complexity. The exploitability is regarded as difficult. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch. The vendor replied to the GitHub issue (translated from simplified Chinese): "For scenarios requiring encryption, we will implement user-defined key management through configuration and optimize the use of encryption tools, such as random salt."

References

NVD — CVE-2025-9604 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9604
Software Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/coze-dev/coze-studio/issues/505
Software Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/coze-dev/coze-studio/issues/505#issuecomment-3148568862
Software Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/coze-dev/coze-studio/pull/533
vuldb.com/ WEB
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321780
vuldb.com/ WEB
https://vuldb.com/?id.321780
vuldb.com/ WEB
https://vuldb.com/?submit.636417

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-9604?
CVE-2025-9604 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under General Security Weakness.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2025-9604?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-9604?
CVE-2025-9604 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 3.7 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-9604?
CVE-2025-9604 is classified under General Security Weakness.
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-9604?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-966j-x6rp-f492",
  "modified" : "2025-08-29T03:30:51Z",
  "published" : "2025-08-29T03:30:51Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-9604" ],
  "details" : "A vulnerability was identified in coze-studio up to 0.2.4. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file backend/domain/plugin/encrypt/aes.go. The manipulation of the argument AuthSecretKey/StateSecretKey/OAuthTokenSecretKey leads to use of hard-coded cryptographic key\n . It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The attack is considered to have high complexity. The exploitability is regarded as difficult. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch. The vendor replied to the GitHub issue (translated from simplified Chinese): \"For scenarios requiring encryption, we will implement user-defined key management through configuration and optimize the use of encryption tools, such as random salt.\"",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9604"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/coze-dev/coze-studio/issues/505"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/coze-dev/coze-studio/issues/505#issuecomment-3148568862"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/coze-dev/coze-studio/pull/533"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321780"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://vuldb.com/?id.321780"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://vuldb.com/?submit.636417"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-08-29T02:15:32Z"
  }
}