CVE-2025-68949: n8n Webhook Node IP Whitelist Bypass Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-w96v-gf22-crwp
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CVSS 5.3
CWE-183 CWE-134 CWE-284
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-68949 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.3) webhook node ip whitelist bypass vulnerability (CWE-183: Permissive List of Allowed Inputs) affecting n8n libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves webhook node ip whitelist bypass via partial string matching. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.2.0.

CVE-2025-68949 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-68949
GHSA Identifier GHSA-w96v-gf22-crwp
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.3
CWE Classification CWE-183: Permissive List of Allowed Inputs
Affected Product n8n
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.3

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-68949

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected n8n dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

n8n fixed: 2.2.0 
npm install n8n@2.2.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls n8n

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-68949, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls n8n

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of n8n in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.2.0), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls n8n command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-183: Permissive List of Allowed Inputs, where the product implements a protection mechanism that relies on a list of inputs (or properties of inputs) that are explicitly allowed by policy because the inputs are assumed to be safe, but the list is too permissive - that is, it allows an input that is unsafe, leading to resultant weaknesses. In n8n, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Impact The Webhook node’s IP whitelist validation performed partial string matching instead of exact IP comparison. As a result, an incoming request could be accepted if the source IP address merely contained the configured whitelist entry as a substring. This issue affected instances where workflow editors relied on IP-based access controls to restrict webhook access. Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses were impacted. An attacker with a non-whitelisted IP could bypass restrictions if their IP shared a partial prefix with a trusted address, undermining the intended security boundary. ## Patches This issue has been patched in version 2.2.0. Users are advised to upgrade to v2.2.0 or later, where IP whitelist validation uses strict IP comparison logic rather than partial string matching. ## Workarounds Users unable to upgrade immediately should avoid relying solely on IP whitelisting for webhook security. Recommended mitigations include: - Adding authentication mechanisms such as shared secrets, HMAC signatures, or API keys. - Avoiding short or prefix-based whitelist entries. - Enforcing IP filtering at the network layer (for example, via reverse proxies or firewalls).

CVE-2025-68949 Affected n8n Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.2.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
≥ 1.36.0
< 2.2.0
2.2.0

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-w96v-gf22-crwp
NVD — CVE-2025-68949 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68949
n8n Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/issues/23399
n8n Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/23399
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/11f8597d4ad69ea3b58941573997fdbc4de1fec5
n8n Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-68949?
CVE-2025-68949 is a security vulnerability in n8n involving Webhook Node IP Whitelist Bypass via Partial String Matching under CWE-183: Permissive List of Allowed Inputs.
Which n8n versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.2.0 across affected packages: n8n.
What version fixes CVE-2025-68949?
Upgrading to 2.2.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is n8n affected?
Yes, n8n is affected in releases prior to 2.2.0. Upgrade your dependency to 2.2.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-68949?
CVE-2025-68949 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-68949?
CVE-2025-68949 is classified under CWE-183: Permissive List of Allowed Inputs (The product implements a protection mechanism that relies on a list of inputs (or properties of inputs) that are explicitly allowed by policy because the inputs are assumed to be safe, but the list is too permissive - that is, it allows an input that is unsafe, leading to resultant weaknesses.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-68949?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls n8n'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-w96v-gf22-crwp",
  "modified" : "2026-01-13T21:40:42Z",
  "published" : "2026-01-13T14:57:12Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-68949" ],
  "summary" : "n8n: Webhook Node IP Whitelist Bypass via Partial String Matching",
  "details" : "## Impact\nThe Webhook node’s IP whitelist validation performed partial string matching instead of exact IP comparison. As a result, an incoming request could be accepted if the source IP address merely contained the configured whitelist entry as a substring.\n\nThis issue affected instances where workflow editors relied on IP-based access controls to restrict webhook access. Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses were impacted. An attacker with a non-whitelisted IP could bypass restrictions if their IP shared a partial prefix with a trusted address, undermining the intended security boundary.\n\n## Patches\nThis issue has been patched in version 2.2.0.\n\nUsers are advised to upgrade to v2.2.0 or later, where IP whitelist validation uses strict IP comparison logic rather than partial string matching.\n\n## Workarounds\nUsers unable to upgrade immediately should avoid relying solely on IP whitelisting for webhook security. Recommended mitigations include:\n- Adding authentication mechanisms such as shared secrets, HMAC signatures, or API keys.\n- Avoiding short or prefix-based whitelist entries.\n- Enforcing IP filtering at the network layer (for example, via reverse proxies or firewalls).",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "n8n"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.36.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.2.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-w96v-gf22-crwp"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-68949"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/issues/23399"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/pull/23399"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/11f8597d4ad69ea3b58941573997fdbc4de1fec5"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-134", "CWE-183", "CWE-284" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-01-13T14:57:12Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-01-13T19:16:15Z"
  }
}