CVE-2025-66625: Umbraco.Cms Umbraco Vulnerable To Improper File Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-hfv2-pf68-m33x
CVSS 4.9
CWE-552 CWE-377 CWE-200
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-66625 is a MODERATE (CVSS 4.9) umbraco vulnerable to improper file vulnerability (CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties) affecting Umbraco.Cms libraries in the NuGet ecosystem. The issue involves umbraco vulnerable to improper file access and credential exposure in dictionary import functionality. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 13.12.1.

CVE-2025-66625 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-66625
GHSA Identifier GHSA-hfv2-pf68-m33x
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 4.9
CWE Classification CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties
Affected Product Umbraco.Cms
Package Ecosystem NuGet
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 4.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required High (PR:H)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-66625

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Umbraco.Cms dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Umbraco.Cms fixed: 13.12.1
Upgrade Umbraco.Cms to 13.12.1
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

inspect dependencies for Umbraco.Cms

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-66625, inspect your project dependencies for Umbraco.Cms:

inspect dependencies for Umbraco.Cms

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Umbraco.Cms in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 13.12.1), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties, where the product makes files or directories accessible to unauthorized actors, even though they should not be. In Umbraco.Cms, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact Due to unsafe handling and deletion of temporary files during the dictionary upload process, an attacker with access to the backoffice can trigger predictable requests to temporary file paths. The application’s error responses (HTTP 500 when a file exists, 404 when it does not) allow the attacker to enumerate the existence of arbitrary files on the server’s filesystem. This vulnerability does not allow reading or writing file contents. In certain configurations, incomplete clean-up of temporary upload files may additionally expose the NTLM hash of the Windows account running the Umbraco application. The direct impact of this vulnerability is therefore limited to confidentiality, which is reflected in its CVSS base score of 4.9 While the CVSS Base Score captures only the immediate effect, the practical risk varies significantly based on hosting environment and identity configuration. Umbraco Cloud sites run under low-privilege, isolated Azure App Service worker identities, which mitigates the impact of any credential exposure. In contrast, self-hosted deployments could run Umbraco using privileged local or domain accounts. If such an account’s NTLM hash is disclosed, an attacker may be able to: - Perform NTLM relay attacks - Crack the hash offline to recover the underlying password - Authenticate as the compromised identity - Access internal systems trusted by that identity - Move laterally within the network - Potentially escalate to full domain compromise in weakly segmented environments These outcomes are not part of the CVSS base score, which only rates the immediate confidentiality impact, but represent realistic downstream consequences for installations using elevated or widely-trusted service accounts. Self-hosted environments running Umbraco under privileged identities are therefore at significantly higher risk. Vulnerability found and reported by Tomasz Holeksa at Pentest Limited ### Patches The issue has been patched in 13.12.1. ### Workarounds The issue can only be exploited by authorized backoffice accounts with access to the "Translations" section.

CVE-2025-66625 Affected Umbraco.Cms Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
13.12.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
Umbraco.Cms
NuGet
≥ 10.0.0
< 13.12.1
13.12.1

References

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-66625?
CVE-2025-66625 is a security vulnerability in Umbraco.Cms involving Umbraco Vulnerable to Improper File Access and Credential Exposure in Dictionary Import Functionality under CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties.
Which Umbraco.Cms versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 13.12.1 across affected packages: Umbraco.Cms.
What version fixes CVE-2025-66625?
Upgrading to 13.12.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is Umbraco.Cms affected?
Yes, Umbraco.Cms is affected in releases prior to 13.12.1. Upgrade your dependency to 13.12.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-66625?
CVE-2025-66625 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.9 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-66625?
CVE-2025-66625 is classified under CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties (The product makes files or directories accessible to unauthorized actors, even though they should not be.).
How can I check NuGet dependencies for CVE-2025-66625?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for Umbraco.Cms'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-hfv2-pf68-m33x",
  "modified" : "2025-12-09T21:37:25Z",
  "published" : "2025-12-09T17:12:18Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-66625" ],
  "summary" : "Umbraco Vulnerable to Improper File Access and Credential Exposure in Dictionary Import Functionality",
  "details" : "### Impact\nDue to unsafe handling and deletion of temporary files during the dictionary upload process, an attacker with access to the backoffice can trigger predictable requests to temporary file paths. The application’s error responses (HTTP 500 when a file exists, 404 when it does not) allow the attacker to enumerate the existence of arbitrary files on the server’s filesystem. This vulnerability does not allow reading or writing file contents.\n\nIn certain configurations, incomplete clean-up of temporary upload files may additionally expose the NTLM hash of the Windows account running the Umbraco application. The direct impact of this vulnerability is therefore limited to confidentiality, which is reflected in its CVSS base score of 4.9\n\nWhile the CVSS Base Score captures only the immediate effect, the practical risk varies significantly based on hosting environment and identity configuration. Umbraco Cloud sites run under low-privilege, isolated Azure App Service worker identities, which mitigates the impact of any credential exposure. In contrast, self-hosted deployments could run Umbraco using privileged local or domain accounts. If such an account’s NTLM hash is disclosed, an attacker may be able to:\n- Perform NTLM relay attacks\n- Crack the hash offline to recover the underlying password\n- Authenticate as the compromised identity\n- Access internal systems trusted by that identity\n- Move laterally within the network\n- Potentially escalate to full domain compromise in weakly segmented environments\n\nThese outcomes are not part of the CVSS base score, which only rates the immediate confidentiality impact, but represent realistic downstream consequences for installations using elevated or widely-trusted service accounts. Self-hosted environments running Umbraco under privileged identities are therefore at significantly higher risk.\n\nVulnerability found and reported by Tomasz Holeksa at Pentest Limited\n\n### Patches\nThe issue has been patched in 13.12.1.\n\n### Workarounds\nThe issue can only be exploited by authorized backoffice accounts with access to the \"Translations\" section.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "Umbraco.Cms"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "10.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "13.12.1"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 13.12.0"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS/security/advisories/GHSA-hfv2-pf68-m33x"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66625"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS/commit/7505efd433189037f46547932d4a8b603fd4a615"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-200", "CWE-377", "CWE-552" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-12-09T17:12:18Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-12-09T20:15:55Z"
  }
}