CVE-2025-57328: Toggle array Toggle-array Vulnerable To Prototype Pollution Vulnerability

LOW
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-34q3-8x9v-j957
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CWE-1321
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-57328 is a LOW toggle-array vulnerable to prototype pollution vulnerability (CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')) affecting Toggle array libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves toggle-array vulnerable to prototype pollution. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-57328 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-57328
GHSA Identifier GHSA-34q3-8x9v-j957
Severity LOW
CVSS v3.1 Base Score N/A
CWE Classification CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Affected Product Toggle array
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

How to Fix CVE-2025-57328

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Toggle array dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

toggle-array fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install toggle-array@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls toggle-array

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-57328, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls toggle-array

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Toggle array in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls toggle-array command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), where the product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. In Toggle array, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

toggle-array is a package designed to enables a property on the object at the specified index, while disabling the property on all other objects. A Prototype Pollution vulnerability in the enable and disable function of toggle-array v1.0.1 and before allows attackers to inject properties on Object.prototype via supplying a crafted payload, causing denial of service (DoS) as the minimum consequence.

CVE-2025-57328 Affected Toggle array Versions

1 component(s)
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
toggle-array
npm/toggle-array
npm
≤ 1.0.1

References

NVD — CVE-2025-57328 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57328
Toggle array Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/VulnSageAgent/PoCs/blob/main/JavaScript/prototype-pollution/toggle-array%401.0.1/index.js
Toggle array Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/VulnSageAgent/PoCs/tree/main/JavaScript/prototype-pollution/CVE-2025-57328
Toggle array Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/jonschlinkert/toggle-array

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-57328?
CVE-2025-57328 is a security vulnerability in Toggle array involving toggle-array vulnerable to prototype pollution under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution').
Which Toggle array versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches across affected packages: toggle-array.
What version fixes CVE-2025-57328?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is toggle-array affected?
Yes, toggle-array is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-57328?
CVE-2025-57328 is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution') (The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-57328?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls toggle-array'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-34q3-8x9v-j957",
  "modified" : "2025-09-26T12:55:31Z",
  "published" : "2025-09-24T21:30:37Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-57328" ],
  "summary" : "toggle-array vulnerable to prototype pollution",
  "details" : "toggle-array is a package designed to enables a property on the object at the specified index, while disabling the property on all other objects. A Prototype Pollution vulnerability in the enable and disable function of toggle-array v1.0.1 and before allows attackers to inject properties on Object.prototype via supplying a crafted payload, causing denial of service (DoS) as the minimum consequence.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "toggle-array"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "1.0.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57328"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/VulnSageAgent/PoCs/blob/main/JavaScript/prototype-pollution/toggle-array%401.0.1/index.js"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/VulnSageAgent/PoCs/tree/main/JavaScript/prototype-pollution/CVE-2025-57328"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/jonschlinkert/toggle-array"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321" ],
    "severity" : "LOW",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-09-26T12:55:31Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-09-24T20:15:32Z"
  }
}