CVE-2025-49594: XWiki OIDC Authenticator Users With "view" Access Can Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-f2hf-pfrj-vrm7
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CWE-285
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-49594 is a CRITICAL users with "view" access can vulnerability (CWE-285: Improper Authorization) affecting XWiki OIDC Authenticator libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves users with "view" access can create tokens for any users they can view. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.18.2.

CVE-2025-49594 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-49594
GHSA Identifier GHSA-f2hf-pfrj-vrm7
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score N/A
CWE Classification CWE-285: Improper Authorization
Affected Product XWiki OIDC Authenticator
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

How to Fix CVE-2025-49594

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected XWiki OIDC Authenticator dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator fixed: 2.18.2 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.xwiki.contrib.oidc</groupId>
    <artifactId>oidc-authenticator</artifactId>
    <version>2.18.2</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.xwiki.contrib.oidc

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-49594, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.xwiki.contrib.oidc

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of XWiki OIDC Authenticator in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.18.2), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.xwiki.contrib.oidc command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-285: Improper Authorization, where the product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action. In XWiki OIDC Authenticator, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact Anyone with VIEW access to a user profile can create a token for that user. If that XWiki instance is configured to allow token authentication, it allows authentication with any user (since users are very commonly viewable, at least to other registered users). ### Patches Version 2.18.2. ### Workarounds The only workaround is to disable token access. ### References * https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/OIDC-240 * https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc/commit/d90d717172283aaa96bb5bb44e357f910ae64adb ### For more information If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in [Jira XWiki.org](https://jira.xwiki.org/) * Email us at [Security Mailing List](mailto:security@xwiki.org)

CVE-2025-49594 Affected XWiki OIDC Authenticator Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.18.2
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator
maven/org.xwiki.contrib.oidc/oidc-authenticator
Maven
≥ 2.17.1
< 2.18.2
2.18.2

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc/security/advisories/GHSA-f2hf-pfrj-vrm7
NVD — CVE-2025-49594 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49594
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc/commit/d90d717172283aaa96bb5bb44e357f910ae64adb
XWiki OIDC Authenticator Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc
jira.xwiki.org/browse/oidc-240 WEB
https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/OIDC-240
www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-... WEB
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-49594-detect-xwiki-vulnerability
www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-... WEB
https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-49594-mitigate-xwiki-vulnerability

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-49594?
CVE-2025-49594 is a security vulnerability in XWiki OIDC Authenticator involving Users with "view" access can create tokens for any users they can view under CWE-285: Improper Authorization.
Which XWiki OIDC Authenticator versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.18.2 across affected packages: org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator.
What version fixes CVE-2025-49594?
Upgrading to 2.18.2 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is oidc-authenticator affected?
Yes, org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator is affected in releases prior to 2.18.2. Upgrade your dependency to 2.18.2 or later.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-49594?
CVE-2025-49594 is classified under CWE-285: Improper Authorization (The product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-49594?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.xwiki.contrib.oidc'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-f2hf-pfrj-vrm7",
  "modified" : "2025-10-23T17:43:47Z",
  "published" : "2025-10-06T17:58:22Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-49594" ],
  "summary" : "XWiki OIDC Authenticator: Users with \"view\" access can create tokens for any users they can view",
  "details" : "### Impact\n\nAnyone with VIEW access to a user profile can create a token for that user. If that XWiki instance is configured to allow token authentication, it allows authentication with any user (since users are very commonly viewable, at least to other registered users).\n\n### Patches\n\nVersion 2.18.2.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThe only workaround is to disable token access.\n\n### References\n\n* https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/OIDC-240\n* https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc/commit/d90d717172283aaa96bb5bb44e357f910ae64adb\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [Jira XWiki.org](https://jira.xwiki.org/)\n* Email us at [Security Mailing List](mailto:security@xwiki.org)",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.17.1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.18.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc/security/advisories/GHSA-f2hf-pfrj-vrm7"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49594"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc/commit/d90d717172283aaa96bb5bb44e357f910ae64adb"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/OIDC-240"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-49594-detect-xwiki-vulnerability"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-49594-mitigate-xwiki-vulnerability"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-285" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-10-06T17:58:22Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-10-06T15:16:04Z"
  }
}