CVE-2025-41253: Spring Framework Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux Vulnerability
HIGHCVE-2025-41253 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) spring cloud gateway server webflux vulnerability (CWE-917: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement ('Expression Language Injection')) affecting Spring Framework libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves spring cloud gateway server webflux is vulnerable to expression language injection. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.3.2, 4.2.6.
CVE-2025-41253 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 7.5
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
How to Fix CVE-2025-41253
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Spring Framework dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway-server</artifactId>
<version>4.3.2</version>
</dependency><dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway-server</artifactId>
<version>4.2.6</version>
</dependency><dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway-server</artifactId>
<version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency><dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway-server</artifactId>
<version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.cloudHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-41253, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.cloudAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of Spring Framework in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.3.2), your application is affected.
Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.cloud command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-917: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an Expression Language Statement ('Expression Language Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an expression language (el) statement in a framework such as a java server page (jsp) using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended el statement before it is executed. In Spring Framework, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2025-41253 Affected Spring Framework Versions
4 component(s)| Product / Package | Ecosystem | Affected Versions | Fixed Version |
|---|---|---|---|
|
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server
|
Maven |
≥ 4.3.0
< 4.3.2
|
4.3.2
|
|
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server
|
Maven |
≥ 4.2.0
< 4.2.6
|
4.2.6
|
|
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server
|
Maven |
≥ 4.0.0
≤ 4.1.9
|
|
|
org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server
|
Maven |
≤ 3.1.10
|
|
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2025-41253?
Which Spring Framework versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2025-41253?
Is spring-cloud-gateway-server affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-41253?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-41253?
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-41253?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-fwxx-wv44-7qfg",
"modified" : "2026-02-19T22:00:41Z",
"published" : "2025-10-16T15:30:43Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-41253" ],
"summary" : "Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux is vulnerable to Expression Language Injection",
"details" : "The following versions of Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux may be vulnerable to the ability to expose environment variables and system properties to attackers.\n\nAn application should be considered vulnerable when all the following are true:\n\n * The application is using Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux (Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebMVC is not vulnerable).\n * An admin or untrusted third party using Spring Expression Language (SpEL) to access environment variables or system properties via routes.\n * An untrusted third party could create a route that uses SpEL to access environment variables or system properties if: * The Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux actuator web endpoint is enabled via management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=gateway and management.endpoint.gateway.enabled=trueor management.endpoint.gateway.access=unrestricte.\n * The actuator endpoints are available to attackers.\n * The actuator endpoints are unsecured.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "4.3.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "4.3.2"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "4.2.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "4.2.6"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "4.0.0"
}, {
"last_affected" : "4.1.9"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "0"
}, {
"last_affected" : "3.1.10"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41253"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/spring-cloud/spring-cloud-gateway"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss/v3-calculator?vector=AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N&version=3.1"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://spring.io/security/cve/2025-41253"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-41253"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-917" ],
"severity" : "HIGH",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2025-10-16T21:29:31Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2025-10-16T15:15:33Z"
}
}