CVE-2025-39728: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-65gg-hq36-f232
Share
CVSS 5.5
CWE-129
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-39728 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.5) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-129: Improper Validation of Array Index) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-39728 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-39728
GHSA Identifier GHSA-65gg-hq36-f232
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.5
CWE Classification CWE-129: Improper Validation of Array Index
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-39728

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-39728, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-129: Improper Validation of Array Index, where the product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: samsung: Fix UBSAN panic in samsung_clk_init() With UBSAN_ARRAY_BOUNDS=y, I'm hitting the below panic due to dereferencing `ctx->clk_data.hws` before setting `ctx->clk_data.num = nr_clks`. Move that up to fix the crash. UBSAN: array index out of bounds: 00000000f2005512 [#1] PREEMPT SMP <snip> Call trace: samsung_clk_init+0x110/0x124 (P) samsung_clk_init+0x48/0x124 (L) samsung_cmu_register_one+0x3c/0xa0 exynos_arm64_register_cmu+0x54/0x64 __gs101_cmu_top_of_clk_init_declare+0x28/0x60 ...

References

NVD — CVE-2025-39728 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39728
git.kernel.org/stable/c/00307934eb... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00307934eb94aaa0a99addfb37b9fe206f945004
git.kernel.org/stable/c/0fef48f4a7... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0fef48f4a70e45a93e73c39023c3a6ea624714d6
git.kernel.org/stable/c/157de9e480... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/157de9e48007a20c65d02fc0229a16f38134a72d
git.kernel.org/stable/c/24307866e0... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24307866e0ac0a5ddb462e766ceda5e27a6fbbe3
git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d29a6dcb5... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d29a6dcb51e346595a15b49693eeb728925ca43
git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1500b98cd... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1500b98cd81a32fdfb9bc63c33bb9f0c2a0a1bf
git.kernel.org/stable/c/d19d7345a7... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d19d7345a7bcdb083b65568a11b11adffe0687af
git.kernel.org/stable/c/d974e17736... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d974e177369c034984cece9d7d4fada9f8b9c740
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-39728?
CVE-2025-39728 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-129: Improper Validation of Array Index.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2025-39728?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-39728?
CVE-2025-39728 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.5 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-39728?
CVE-2025-39728 is classified under CWE-129: Improper Validation of Array Index (The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-39728?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-65gg-hq36-f232",
  "modified" : "2025-11-03T21:33:41Z",
  "published" : "2025-04-18T15:31:38Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-39728" ],
  "details" : "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nclk: samsung: Fix UBSAN panic in samsung_clk_init()\n\nWith UBSAN_ARRAY_BOUNDS=y, I'm hitting the below panic due to\ndereferencing `ctx->clk_data.hws` before setting\n`ctx->clk_data.num = nr_clks`. Move that up to fix the crash.\n\n  UBSAN: array index out of bounds: 00000000f2005512 [#1] PREEMPT SMP\n  <snip>\n  Call trace:\n   samsung_clk_init+0x110/0x124 (P)\n   samsung_clk_init+0x48/0x124 (L)\n   samsung_cmu_register_one+0x3c/0xa0\n   exynos_arm64_register_cmu+0x54/0x64\n   __gs101_cmu_top_of_clk_init_declare+0x28/0x60\n   ...",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39728"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00307934eb94aaa0a99addfb37b9fe206f945004"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0fef48f4a70e45a93e73c39023c3a6ea624714d6"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/157de9e48007a20c65d02fc0229a16f38134a72d"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24307866e0ac0a5ddb462e766ceda5e27a6fbbe3"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d29a6dcb51e346595a15b49693eeb728925ca43"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a1500b98cd81a32fdfb9bc63c33bb9f0c2a0a1bf"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d19d7345a7bcdb083b65568a11b11adffe0687af"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d974e177369c034984cece9d7d4fada9f8b9c740"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-129" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-04-18T07:15:44Z"
  }
}