CVE-2025-37959: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-g5rc-wjvg-94w5
Share
CVSS 5.5
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-37959 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.5) security vulnerability vulnerability (General Security Weakness) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-37959 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-37959
GHSA Identifier GHSA-g5rc-wjvg-94w5
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.5
CWE Classification General Security Weakness
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-37959

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-37959, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under General Security Weakness. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Scrub packet on bpf_redirect_peer When bpf_redirect_peer is used to redirect packets to a device in another network namespace, the skb isn't scrubbed. That can lead skb information from one namespace to be "misused" in another namespace. As one example, this is causing Cilium to drop traffic when using bpf_redirect_peer to redirect packets that just went through IPsec decryption to a container namespace. The following pwru trace shows (1) the packet path from the host's XFRM layer to the container's XFRM layer where it's dropped and (2) the number of active skb extensions at each function. NETNS MARK IFACE TUPLE FUNC 4026533547 d00 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 xfrm_rcv_cb .active_extensions = (__u8)2, 4026533547 d00 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 xfrm4_rcv_cb .active_extensions = (__u8)2, 4026533547 d00 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 gro_cells_receive .active_extensions = (__u8)2, [...] 4026533547 0 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 skb_do_redirect .active_extensions = (__u8)2, 4026534999 0 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 ip_rcv .active_extensions = (__u8)2, 4026534999 0 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 ip_rcv_core .active_extensions = (__u8)2, [...] 4026534999 0 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 udp_queue_rcv_one_skb .active_extensions = (__u8)2, 4026534999 0 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 __xfrm_policy_check .active_extensions = (__u8)2, 4026534999 0 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 __xfrm_decode_session .active_extensions = (__u8)2, 4026534999 0 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 security_xfrm_decode_session .active_extensions = (__u8)2, 4026534999 0 eth0 10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53 kfree_skb_reason(SKB_DROP_REASON_XFRM_POLICY) .active_extensions = (__u8)2, In this case, there are no XFRM policies in the container's network namespace so the drop is unexpected. When we decrypt the IPsec packet, the XFRM state used for decryption is set in the skb extensions. This information is preserved across the netns switch. When we reach the XFRM policy check in the container's netns, __xfrm_policy_check drops the packet with LINUX_MIB_XFRMINNOPOLS because a (container-side) XFRM policy can't be found that matches the (host-side) XFRM state used for decryption. This patch fixes this by scrubbing the packet when using bpf_redirect_peer, as is done on typical netns switches via veth devices except skb->mark and skb->tstamp are not zeroed.

References

NVD — CVE-2025-37959 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37959
cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ss... WEB
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html
cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ss... WEB
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html
git.kernel.org/stable/c/355b052633... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/355b0526336c0bf2bf7feaca033568ede524f763
git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e15ef33ba... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e15ef33ba39fb6d9d1f51445957f16983a9437a
git.kernel.org/stable/c/b37e54259c... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b37e54259cab4f78b53953d6f6268b85f07bef3e
git.kernel.org/stable/c/c432722994... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4327229948879814229b46aa26a750718888503
git.kernel.org/stable/c/de1067cc8c... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de1067cc8cf0e8c11ae20cbe5c467aef19d04ded
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00010.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-37959?
CVE-2025-37959 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under General Security Weakness.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2025-37959?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-37959?
CVE-2025-37959 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.5 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-37959?
CVE-2025-37959 is classified under General Security Weakness.
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-37959?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-g5rc-wjvg-94w5",
  "modified" : "2026-10-15T03:34:50Z",
  "published" : "2025-05-20T18:30:56Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-37959" ],
  "details" : "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Scrub packet on bpf_redirect_peer\n\nWhen bpf_redirect_peer is used to redirect packets to a device in\nanother network namespace, the skb isn't scrubbed. That can lead skb\ninformation from one namespace to be \"misused\" in another namespace.\n\nAs one example, this is causing Cilium to drop traffic when using\nbpf_redirect_peer to redirect packets that just went through IPsec\ndecryption to a container namespace. The following pwru trace shows (1)\nthe packet path from the host's XFRM layer to the container's XFRM\nlayer where it's dropped and (2) the number of active skb extensions at\neach function.\n\n    NETNS       MARK  IFACE  TUPLE                                FUNC\n    4026533547  d00   eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  xfrm_rcv_cb\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    4026533547  d00   eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  xfrm4_rcv_cb\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    4026533547  d00   eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  gro_cells_receive\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    [...]\n    4026533547  0     eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  skb_do_redirect\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    4026534999  0     eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  ip_rcv\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    4026534999  0     eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  ip_rcv_core\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    [...]\n    4026534999  0     eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  udp_queue_rcv_one_skb\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    4026534999  0     eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  __xfrm_policy_check\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    4026534999  0     eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  __xfrm_decode_session\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    4026534999  0     eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  security_xfrm_decode_session\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n    4026534999  0     eth0   10.244.3.124:35473->10.244.2.158:53  kfree_skb_reason(SKB_DROP_REASON_XFRM_POLICY)\n                             .active_extensions = (__u8)2,\n\nIn this case, there are no XFRM policies in the container's network\nnamespace so the drop is unexpected. When we decrypt the IPsec packet,\nthe XFRM state used for decryption is set in the skb extensions. This\ninformation is preserved across the netns switch. When we reach the\nXFRM policy check in the container's netns, __xfrm_policy_check drops\nthe packet with LINUX_MIB_XFRMINNOPOLS because a (container-side) XFRM\npolicy can't be found that matches the (host-side) XFRM state used for\ndecryption.\n\nThis patch fixes this by scrubbing the packet when using\nbpf_redirect_peer, as is done on typical netns switches via veth\ndevices except skb->mark and skb->tstamp are not zeroed.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37959"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/355b0526336c0bf2bf7feaca033568ede524f763"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9e15ef33ba39fb6d9d1f51445957f16983a9437a"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b37e54259cab4f78b53953d6f6268b85f07bef3e"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4327229948879814229b46aa26a750718888503"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de1067cc8cf0e8c11ae20cbe5c467aef19d04ded"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00010.html"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-05-20T16:15:34Z"
  }
}