CVE-2025-31129: jooby-pac4j Deserialization Of Untrusted Data Vulnerability
HIGHCVE-2025-31129 is a HIGH (CVSS 8.8) deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability (CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data) affecting jooby-pac4j libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves deserialization of untrusted data. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.17.0, 3.7.0.
CVE-2025-31129 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 8.8
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
How to Fix CVE-2025-31129
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected jooby-pac4j dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jooby</groupId>
<artifactId>jooby-pac4j</artifactId>
<version>2.17.0</version>
</dependency><dependency>
<groupId>io.jooby</groupId>
<artifactId>jooby-pac4j</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
</dependency>Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.joobyHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-31129, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:
mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.joobyAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of jooby-pac4j in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.17.0), your application is affected.
Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.jooby command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data, where the product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently ensuring that the resulting data will be valid. In jooby-pac4j, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2025-31129 Affected jooby-pac4j Versions
2 component(s)| Product / Package | Ecosystem | Affected Versions | Fixed Version |
|---|---|---|---|
|
io.jooby:jooby-pac4j
|
Maven |
< 2.17.0
|
2.17.0
|
|
io.jooby:jooby-pac4j
|
Maven |
≥ 3.0.0.M1
< 3.7.0
|
3.7.0
|
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2025-31129?
Which jooby-pac4j versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2025-31129?
Is jooby-pac4j affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-31129?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-31129?
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-31129?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-7c5v-895v-w4q5",
"modified" : "2025-04-01T14:19:43Z",
"published" : "2025-04-01T14:19:43Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-31129" ],
"summary" : "jooby-pac4j: deserialization of untrusted data",
"details" : "### Impact\n\nVersions after 2.x and before 3.x of io.jooby:jooby-pac4j can cause deserialization of untrusted data\n\n### Patches\n\n- 2.17.0 (2.x)\n- 3.7.0 (3.x)\n\n### Workarounds\n\n- Not using io.jooby:jooby-pac4j until it gets patches.\n- Check what values you put/save on session\n\n### References\n\nVersion 2.x:\n\nhttps://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v2.x/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L39-L45\n\nVersion 3.x:\nhttps://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v3.6.1/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L77-L84\n\n### Cause\n\nIn module pac4j io.jooby.internal.pac4j.SessionStoreImpl#get , it is used to handle sessions , and trying to get key value. In strToObject function ,it's trying to deserialize value when value starts with \"b64~\" , which might cause deserialization of untrusted data.\n\n[modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java](https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v3.6.1/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L77-L84)\n\nHere's a small demo using SessionStoreImpl#get to handle sessions ,and user can pass parameters.\n\n\n\nAnd following below is exploiting successfully(execute calculator)\n\n",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "io.jooby:jooby-pac4j"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "0"
}, {
"fixed" : "2.17.0"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Maven",
"name" : "io.jooby:jooby-pac4j"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "3.0.0.M1"
}, {
"fixed" : "3.7.0"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/security/advisories/GHSA-7c5v-895v-w4q5"
}, {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31129"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/commit/3e13562cf36d7407813eae464e0f4b598de15692"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v2.x/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L39-L45"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v3.6.1/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L77-L84"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-502" ],
"severity" : "HIGH",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2025-04-01T14:19:43Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2025-03-31T19:15:43Z"
}
}