CVE-2025-22131: Phpoffice/phpspreadsheet Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-79xx-vf93-p7cx",
  "modified" : "2025-03-06T18:16:08Z",
  "published" : "2025-01-21T21:09:13Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-22131" ],
  "summary" : "Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in generateNavigation() function in PhpSpreadsheet",
  "details" : "### Summary\nThe researcher discovered zero-day vulnerability Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the code which translates the XLSX file into a HTML representation and displays it in the response.\n\n### Details\nWhen generating the HTML from an xlsx file containing multiple sheets, a navigation menu is created. This menu includes the sheet names, which are not sanitized. As a result, an attacker can exploit this vulnerability to execute JavaScript code.\n\n```php\n        // Construct HTML\n        $html = '';\n\n        // Only if there are more than 1 sheets\n        if (count($sheets) > 1) {\n            // Loop all sheets\n            $sheetId = 0;\n\n            $html .= '<ul class=\"navigation\">' . PHP_EOL;\n\n            foreach ($sheets as $sheet) {\n                $html .= '  <li class=\"sheet' . $sheetId . '\"><a href=\"#sheet' . $sheetId . '\">' . $sheet->getTitle() . '</a></li>' . PHP_EOL;\n                ++$sheetId;\n            }\n\n            $html .= '</ul>' . PHP_EOL;\n        }\n```\n\n### PoC\n1. Create an XLSX file with multiple sheets : \n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/e3fc027a-9525-4d7f-b107-cfa6e78d04e7)\n\n2. Generate the HTML content \n```php\n<?php\n\trequire __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';\n\n\t$inputFileName = 'payload.xlsx';\n\t$spreadsheet = \\PhpOffice\\PhpSpreadsheet\\IOFactory::load($inputFileName);\n\t$writer = new \\PhpOffice\\PhpSpreadsheet\\Writer\\Html($spreadsheet);\n\t$writer->writeAllSheets();\n\techo $writer->generateHTMLAll();\n?>\n```\n3. Enjoy\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3e3c24f4-cb5d-451d-978f-9d33234f3bd1)\n\n\n### Impact\n\nXSS can cause a variety of problems for the end user that range in severity from an annoyance to complete account compromise.\nExample of impacts :\n\n- Disclosure of the user’s session cookie, allowing an attacker to hijack the user’s session and take over the account (Only if HttpOnly cookie's flag is set to false).\n- Redirecting the user to some other page or site (like phishing websites)\n- Modifying the content of the current page (add a fake login page that sends credentials to the attacker).\n- Automatically download malicious files.\n- Requests access to the victim geolocation / camera.\n- ...",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.8.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.29.8"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.1.7"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.2.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.3.6"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "phpoffice/phpexcel"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "1.8.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/security/advisories/GHSA-79xx-vf93-p7cx"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22131"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/4088381ccfaf241d7d42c333de0dc8c98e338743"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-01-21T21:09:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-01-20T16:15:27Z"
  }
}