CVE-2025-21978: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-x37f-9gm8-pv63
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CVSS 5.5
CWE-401
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-21978 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.5) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-21978 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-21978
GHSA Identifier GHSA-x37f-9gm8-pv63
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.5
CWE Classification CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-21978

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-21978, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime, where the product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/hyperv: Fix address space leak when Hyper-V DRM device is removed When a Hyper-V DRM device is probed, the driver allocates MMIO space for the vram, and maps it cacheable. If the device removed, or in the error path for device probing, the MMIO space is released but no unmap is done. Consequently the kernel address space for the mapping is leaked. Fix this by adding iounmap() calls in the device removal path, and in the error path during device probing.

References

git.kernel.org/stable/c/158242b56b... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/158242b56bf465a73e1edeac0fe828a8acad4499
NVD — CVE-2025-21978 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21978
git.kernel.org/stable/c/24f1bbfb2b... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24f1bbfb2be77dad82489c1468bbb14312aab129
git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad27b4a514... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad27b4a51495490b815580d9b935e8eee14d1a9c
git.kernel.org/stable/c/aed709355f... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aed709355fd05ef747e1af24a1d5d78cd7feb81e
git.kernel.org/stable/c/c40cd24bfb... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c40cd24bfb9bfbb315c118ca14ebe6cf52e2dd1e
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-21978?
CVE-2025-21978 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2025-21978?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-21978?
CVE-2025-21978 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.5 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-21978?
CVE-2025-21978 is classified under CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime (The product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-21978?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-x37f-9gm8-pv63",
  "modified" : "2025-11-03T21:33:26Z",
  "published" : "2025-04-01T18:30:54Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-21978" ],
  "details" : "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/hyperv: Fix address space leak when Hyper-V DRM device is removed\n\nWhen a Hyper-V DRM device is probed, the driver allocates MMIO space for\nthe vram, and maps it cacheable. If the device removed, or in the error\npath for device probing, the MMIO space is released but no unmap is done.\nConsequently the kernel address space for the mapping is leaked.\n\nFix this by adding iounmap() calls in the device removal path, and in the\nerror path during device probing.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21978"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/158242b56bf465a73e1edeac0fe828a8acad4499"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24f1bbfb2be77dad82489c1468bbb14312aab129"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad27b4a51495490b815580d9b935e8eee14d1a9c"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aed709355fd05ef747e1af24a1d5d78cd7feb81e"
  }, {
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    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c40cd24bfb9bfbb315c118ca14ebe6cf52e2dd1e"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-401" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-04-01T16:15:29Z"
  }
}