CVE-2024-4629: Keycloak services Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-gc7q-jgjv-vjr2
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CVSS 6.5
CWE-307 CWE-837
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2024-4629 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.5) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts) affecting Keycloak services libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves keycloak services has a potential bypass of brute force protection. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 22.0.12, 24.0.7, 25.0.4.

CVE-2024-4629 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2024-4629
GHSA Identifier GHSA-gc7q-jgjv-vjr2
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.5
CWE Classification CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Affected Product Keycloak services
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2024-4629

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Keycloak services dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.keycloak:keycloak-services fixed: 22.0.12 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-services</artifactId>
    <version>22.0.12</version>
</dependency>
org.keycloak:keycloak-services fixed: 24.0.7 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-services</artifactId>
    <version>24.0.7</version>
</dependency>
org.keycloak:keycloak-services fixed: 25.0.4 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-services</artifactId>
    <version>25.0.4</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2024-4629, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Keycloak services in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 22.0.12), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, where the product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame. In Keycloak services, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

If an attacker launches many login attempts in parallel then the attacker can have more guesses at a password than the brute force protection configuration permits. This is due to the brute force check occurring before the brute force protector has locked the user. **Acknowledgements:** Special thanks to Maurizio Agazzini for reporting this issue and helping us improve our project.

CVE-2024-4629 Affected Keycloak services Versions

3 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
22.0.1224.0.725.0.4
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
maven/org.keycloak/keycloak-services
Maven
< 22.0.12
22.0.12
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
maven/org.keycloak/keycloak-services
Maven
≥ 23.0.0
< 24.0.7
24.0.7
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
maven/org.keycloak/keycloak-services
Maven
≥ 25.0.0
< 25.0.4
25.0.4

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/security/advisories/GHSA-gc7q-jgjv-vjr2
NVD — CVE-2024-4629 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4629
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/d78b3072ffffbff3954bf9f3181e3daf8e93c1ab
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/c8053dd812d9b9f05b293f901b9dc39e061ebb88
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/b25c28458a562abda2f84fc684e59cce8577e562
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/99f92ad5fff5555d53930c2d32f8be3e08c514c1
Keycloak services Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/461fa631dc55b9739c9ed8c49de9f5b213955200
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/2fb358e1a21c5387cdc11100ce3562b4dcfe5416
bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi WEB
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2276761
Keycloak services Security Information SECURITY
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-4629
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2024:65... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6501
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2024:65... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6500
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2024:64... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6499
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2024:64... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6497
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2024:64... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6495
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2024:64... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6494
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2024:64... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6493

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2024-4629?
CVE-2024-4629 is a security vulnerability in Keycloak services involving Keycloak Services has a potential bypass of brute force protection under CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts.
Which Keycloak services versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 22.0.12, 24.0.7, 25.0.4 across affected packages: org.keycloak:keycloak-services.
What version fixes CVE-2024-4629?
Upgrading to 22.0.12, 24.0.7, 25.0.4 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is keycloak-services affected?
Yes, org.keycloak:keycloak-services is affected in releases prior to 22.0.12, 24.0.7, 25.0.4. Upgrade your dependency to 22.0.12, 24.0.7, 25.0.4 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-4629?
CVE-2024-4629 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2024-4629?
CVE-2024-4629 is classified under CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts (The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2024-4629?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-gc7q-jgjv-vjr2",
  "modified" : "2024-09-17T22:29:01Z",
  "published" : "2024-09-17T22:29:01Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2024-4629" ],
  "summary" : "Keycloak Services has a potential bypass of brute force protection",
  "details" : "If an attacker launches many login attempts in parallel then the attacker can have more guesses at a password than the brute force protection configuration permits. This is due to the brute force check occurring before the brute force protector has locked the user.\n\n**Acknowledgements:**\nSpecial thanks to Maurizio Agazzini for reporting this issue and helping us improve our project.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "22.0.12"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "23.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "24.0.7"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "25.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "25.0.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/security/advisories/GHSA-gc7q-jgjv-vjr2"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4629"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/d78b3072ffffbff3954bf9f3181e3daf8e93c1ab"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/c8053dd812d9b9f05b293f901b9dc39e061ebb88"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/b25c28458a562abda2f84fc684e59cce8577e562"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/99f92ad5fff5555d53930c2d32f8be3e08c514c1"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/461fa631dc55b9739c9ed8c49de9f5b213955200"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/2fb358e1a21c5387cdc11100ce3562b4dcfe5416"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2276761"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-4629"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6501"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6500"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6499"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6497"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6495"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6494"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6493"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-307", "CWE-837" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2024-09-17T22:29:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}