CVE-2024-21528: Node gettext Node-gettext Vulnerable To Prototype Pollution Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-g974-hxvm-x689
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CVSS 5.9
CWE-1321
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2024-21528 is a HIGH (CVSS 5.9) node-gettext vulnerable to prototype pollution vulnerability (CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')) affecting Node gettext libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves node-gettext vulnerable to prototype pollution. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2024-21528 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2024-21528
GHSA Identifier GHSA-g974-hxvm-x689
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.9
CWE Classification CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Affected Product Node gettext
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2024-21528

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Node gettext dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

node-gettext fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install node-gettext@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls node-gettext

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2024-21528, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls node-gettext

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Node gettext in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls node-gettext command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), where the product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. In Node gettext, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

All versions of the package node-gettext are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the addTranslations() function in gettext.js due to improper user input sanitization.

CVE-2024-21528 Affected Node gettext Versions

1 component(s)
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
node-gettext
npm/node-gettext
npm
≤ 3.0.0

References

NVD — CVE-2024-21528 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21528
Node gettext Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/alexanderwallin/node-gettext
Node gettext Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/alexanderwallin/node-gettext/blob/65d9670f691c2eeca40dce129c95bcf8b613d344/lib/gettext.js#L113
Node gettext Security Information SECURITY
https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-NODEGETTEXT-6100943

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2024-21528?
CVE-2024-21528 is a security vulnerability in Node gettext involving node-gettext vulnerable to Prototype Pollution under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution').
Which Node gettext versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches across affected packages: node-gettext.
What version fixes CVE-2024-21528?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is node-gettext affected?
Yes, node-gettext is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-21528?
CVE-2024-21528 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2024-21528?
CVE-2024-21528 is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution') (The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2024-21528?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls node-gettext'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-g974-hxvm-x689",
  "modified" : "2024-11-18T16:27:11Z",
  "published" : "2024-09-10T06:30:48Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2024-21528" ],
  "summary" : "node-gettext vulnerable to Prototype Pollution",
  "details" : "All versions of the package node-gettext are vulnerable to Prototype Pollution via the addTranslations() function in gettext.js due to improper user input sanitization.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "node-gettext"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "3.0.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21528"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/alexanderwallin/node-gettext"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/alexanderwallin/node-gettext/blob/65d9670f691c2eeca40dce129c95bcf8b613d344/lib/gettext.js#L113"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-NODEGETTEXT-6100943"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2024-09-10T15:52:56Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2024-09-10T05:15:10Z"
  }
}