CVE-2023-31582: Jose4j Jose4j Uses Weak Cryptographic Algorithm Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-7g24-qg88-p43q
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-331 CWE-327
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-31582 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) jose4j uses weak cryptographic algorithm vulnerability (CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy) affecting Jose4j libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves jose4j uses weak cryptographic algorithm. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.9.3.

CVE-2023-31582 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-31582
GHSA Identifier GHSA-7g24-qg88-p43q
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy
Affected Product Jose4j
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2023-31582

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Jose4j dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.bitbucket.b_c:jose4j fixed: 0.9.3 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.bitbucket.b_c</groupId>
    <artifactId>jose4j</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.3</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.bitbucket.b_c

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2023-31582, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.bitbucket.b_c

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Jose4j in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.9.3), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.bitbucket.b_c command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy, where the product uses an algorithm or scheme that produces insufficient entropy, leaving patterns or clusters of values that are more likely to occur than others. In Jose4j, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

jose4j before v0.9.3 allows attackers to set a low PBES2 iteration count of 1000 or less.

CVE-2023-31582 Affected Jose4j Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
0.9.3
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.bitbucket.b_c:jose4j
maven/org.bitbucket.b_c/jose4j
Maven
< 0.9.3
0.9.3

References

NVD — CVE-2023-31582 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31582
bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j PACKAGE
https://bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j
bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j/commits/... WEB
https://bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j/commits/1929fe3
bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j/issues/2... WEB
https://bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j/issues/203/insecure-support-of-setting-pbe-less-then
Jose4j Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/KANIXB/JWTIssues/blob/main/jose4j%20issue.md

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-31582?
CVE-2023-31582 is a security vulnerability in Jose4j involving jose4j uses weak cryptographic algorithm under CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy.
Which Jose4j versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 0.9.3 across affected packages: org.bitbucket.b_c:jose4j.
What version fixes CVE-2023-31582?
Upgrading to 0.9.3 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is jose4j affected?
Yes, org.bitbucket.b_c:jose4j is affected in releases prior to 0.9.3. Upgrade your dependency to 0.9.3 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-31582?
CVE-2023-31582 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-31582?
CVE-2023-31582 is classified under CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy (The product uses an algorithm or scheme that produces insufficient entropy, leaving patterns or clusters of values that are more likely to occur than others.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2023-31582?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.bitbucket.b_c'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-7g24-qg88-p43q",
  "modified" : "2023-11-01T05:54:15Z",
  "published" : "2023-10-25T18:32:21Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-31582" ],
  "summary" : "jose4j uses weak cryptographic algorithm",
  "details" : "jose4j before v0.9.3 allows attackers to set a low PBES2 iteration count of 1000 or less.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.bitbucket.b_c:jose4j"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.9.3"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31582"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j/commits/1929fe3"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bitbucket.org/b_c/jose4j/issues/203/insecure-support-of-setting-pbe-less-then"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/KANIXB/JWTIssues/blob/main/jose4j%20issue.md"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-327", "CWE-331" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-10-27T19:13:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-10-25T18:17:27Z"
  }
}