CVE-2023-28669: Jacoco Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-xj29-gfww-j67g
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CVSS 8.0
CWE-79
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-28669 is a HIGH (CVSS 8.0) cross-site scripting vulnerability (CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')) affecting Jacoco libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves jenkins jacoco plugin vulnerable to stored cross-site scripting. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.3.2.1.

CVE-2023-28669 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-28669
GHSA Identifier GHSA-xj29-gfww-j67g
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 8.0
CWE Classification CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Affected Product Jacoco
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 8.0

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2023-28669

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Jacoco dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.jenkins-ci.plugins:jacoco fixed: 3.3.2.1 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jenkins-ci.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>jacoco</artifactId>
    <version>3.3.2.1</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.jenkins-ci.plugins

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2023-28669, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.jenkins-ci.plugins

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Jacoco in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.3.2.1), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.jenkins-ci.plugins command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'), where the product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. In Jacoco, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Jenkins JaCoCo Plugin 3.3.2 and earlier does not escape class and method names shown on the UI, resulting in a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exploitable by attackers able to control input files for the 'Record JaCoCo coverage report' post-build action. Version 3.3.2.1 escapes class and method names shown on the UI.

CVE-2023-28669 Affected Jacoco Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
3.3.2.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.jenkins-ci.plugins:jacoco
maven/org.jenkins-ci.plugins/jacoco
Maven
< 3.3.2.1
3.3.2.1

References

NVD — CVE-2023-28669 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28669
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/jenkinsci/jacoco-plugin/commit/96386f94b00e8802c4905b58e5c3dc4fa4a7c1cd
Jacoco Security Information SECURITY
https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-03-21/#SECURITY-3061

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-28669?
CVE-2023-28669 is a security vulnerability in Jacoco involving Jenkins JaCoCo Plugin vulnerable to Stored Cross-site Scripting under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting').
Which Jacoco versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 3.3.2.1 across affected packages: org.jenkins-ci.plugins:jacoco.
What version fixes CVE-2023-28669?
Upgrading to 3.3.2.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is jacoco affected?
Yes, org.jenkins-ci.plugins:jacoco is affected in releases prior to 3.3.2.1. Upgrade your dependency to 3.3.2.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-28669?
CVE-2023-28669 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.0 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-28669?
CVE-2023-28669 is classified under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2023-28669?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.jenkins-ci.plugins'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-xj29-gfww-j67g",
  "modified" : "2025-02-25T21:41:41Z",
  "published" : "2023-04-02T21:30:17Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-28669" ],
  "summary" : "Jenkins JaCoCo Plugin vulnerable to Stored Cross-site Scripting",
  "details" : "Jenkins JaCoCo Plugin 3.3.2 and earlier does not escape class and method names shown on the UI, resulting in a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exploitable by attackers able to control input files for the 'Record JaCoCo coverage report' post-build action. Version 3.3.2.1 escapes class and method names shown on the UI.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:jacoco"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.3.2.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28669"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jacoco-plugin/commit/96386f94b00e8802c4905b58e5c3dc4fa4a7c1cd"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-03-21/#SECURITY-3061"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-04-03T22:54:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-04-02T21:15:00Z"
  }
}