CVE-2023-25574: Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator LTI JupyterHub Authenticator Does Not Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp
Share
CVSS 10.0
CWE-347
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-25574 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 10.0) lti jupyterhub authenticator does not vulnerability (CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature) affecting Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator libraries in the PyPI ecosystem. The issue involves lti jupyterhub authenticator does not properly validate jwt signature. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.4.0.

CVE-2023-25574 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-25574
GHSA Identifier GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 10.0
CWE Classification CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Affected Product Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator
Package Ecosystem PyPI
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 10.0

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2023-25574

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator fixed: 1.4.0 
pip install jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator>=1.4.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

pip show jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Python environment is affected by CVE-2023-25574, inspect your installed packages using pip:

pip show jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.4.0), your application is affected.

Note: The pip show jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator command checks currently installed packages in your active Python environment.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature, where the product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data. In Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact Only users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are influenced. LTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request granting access to existing and new user identities. ### Patches None. ### Workarounds None. ### References - [This code segment](https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/3feec2e81b9d3b0ad6b58ab4226af640833039f3/ltiauthenticator/lti13/validator.py#L122-L164) didn't validate a JWT signature.

CVE-2023-25574 Affected Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.4.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator
pypi/jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator
PyPI
≥ 1.3.0
< 1.4.0
All 1 versions
1.3.0
1.4.0

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/security/advisories/GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp
NVD — CVE-2023-25574 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25574
Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator
Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/3feec2e81b9d3b0ad6b58ab4226af640833039f3/ltiauthenticator/lti13/validator.py#L122-L164
Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md#140---2023-03-01
Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator/PYSEC-2025-120.yaml

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-25574?
CVE-2023-25574 is a security vulnerability in Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator involving LTI JupyterHub Authenticator does not properly validate JWT Signature under CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature.
Which Jupyterhub ltiauthenticator versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.4.0 across affected packages: jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator.
What version fixes CVE-2023-25574?
Upgrading to 1.4.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator affected?
Yes, jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator is affected in releases prior to 1.4.0. Upgrade your dependency to 1.4.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-25574?
CVE-2023-25574 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-25574?
CVE-2023-25574 is classified under CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature (The product does not verify, or incorrectly verifies, the cryptographic signature for data.).
How can I check PyPI dependencies for CVE-2023-25574?
Run the dependency tree command: 'pip show jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp",
  "modified" : "2026-06-05T17:54:05Z",
  "published" : "2025-02-25T17:48:34Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-25574" ],
  "summary" : "LTI JupyterHub Authenticator does not properly validate JWT Signature",
  "details" : "### Impact\n\nOnly users that has configured a JupyterHub installation to use the authenticator class `LTI13Authenticator` are influenced.\n\nLTI13Authenticator that was introduced in `jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator` 1.3.0 wasn't validating JWT signatures. This is believed to allow the LTI13Authenticator to authorize a forged request granting access to existing and new user identities.\n\n### Patches\n\nNone.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone.\n\n### References\n\n- [This code segment](https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/3feec2e81b9d3b0ad6b58ab4226af640833039f3/ltiauthenticator/lti13/validator.py#L122-L164) didn't validate a JWT signature.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.3.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.4.0"
      } ]
    } ],
    "versions" : [ "1.3.0" ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/security/advisories/GHSA-mcgx-2gcr-p3hp"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25574"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/3feec2e81b9d3b0ad6b58ab4226af640833039f3/ltiauthenticator/lti13/validator.py#L122-L164"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/jupyterhub/ltiauthenticator/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md#140---2023-03-01"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/jupyterhub-ltiauthenticator/PYSEC-2025-120.yaml"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-347" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-02-25T17:48:34Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-02-25T15:15:16Z"
  }
}