CVE-2023-24815: Vertx web Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-53jx-vvf9-4x38
CVSS 4.8
CWE-22
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-24815 is a MODERATE (CVSS 4.8) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')) affecting Vertx web libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves statichandler disclosure of classpath resources on windows when mounted on a wildcard route. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.3.8.

CVE-2023-24815 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-24815
GHSA Identifier GHSA-53jx-vvf9-4x38
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 4.8
CWE Classification CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Affected Product Vertx web
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 4.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2023-24815

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Vertx web dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

io.vertx:vertx-web fixed: 4.3.8
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
    <artifactId>vertx-web</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.8</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.vertx

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2023-24815, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.vertx

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Vertx web in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.3.8), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.vertx command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'), where the product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory. In Vertx web, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Summary When running vertx web applications that serve files using `StaticHandler` on Windows Operating Systems and Windows File Systems, if the mount point is a wildcard (`*`) then an attacker can exfiltrate any class path resource. ### Details When computing the relative path to locate the resource, in case of wildcards, the code: https://github.com/vert-x3/vertx-web/blob/62c0d66fa1c179ae6a4d57344631679a2b97e60f/vertx-web/src/main/java/io/vertx/ext/web/impl/Utils.java#L83 returns the user input (without validation) as the segment to lookup. Even though checks are performed to avoid escaping the sandbox, given that the input was not sanitized `\` are not properly handled and an attacker can build a path that is valid within the classpath. ### PoC https://github.com/adrien-aubert-drovio/vertx-statichandler-windows-traversal-path-vulnerability

CVE-2023-24815 Affected Vertx web Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
4.3.8
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
io.vertx:vertx-web
Maven
≥ 4.0.0
< 4.3.8
4.3.8

References

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-24815?
CVE-2023-24815 is a security vulnerability in Vertx web involving StaticHandler disclosure of classpath resources on Windows when mounted on a wildcard route under CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal').
Which Vertx web versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 4.3.8 across affected packages: io.vertx:vertx-web.
What version fixes CVE-2023-24815?
Upgrading to 4.3.8 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is vertx-web affected?
Yes, io.vertx:vertx-web is affected in releases prior to 4.3.8. Upgrade your dependency to 4.3.8 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-24815?
CVE-2023-24815 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.8 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-24815?
CVE-2023-24815 is classified under CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') (The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2023-24815?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.vertx'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-53jx-vvf9-4x38",
  "modified" : "2023-02-10T03:27:58Z",
  "published" : "2023-02-10T03:27:58Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-24815" ],
  "summary" : "StaticHandler disclosure of classpath resources on Windows when mounted on a wildcard route",
  "details" : "### Summary\n\nWhen running vertx web applications that serve files using `StaticHandler` on Windows Operating Systems and Windows File Systems, if the mount point is a wildcard (`*`) then an attacker can exfiltrate any class path resource.\n\n\n### Details\nWhen computing the relative path to locate the resource, in case of wildcards, the code:\n\nhttps://github.com/vert-x3/vertx-web/blob/62c0d66fa1c179ae6a4d57344631679a2b97e60f/vertx-web/src/main/java/io/vertx/ext/web/impl/Utils.java#L83\n\nreturns the user input (without validation) as the segment to lookup. Even though checks are performed to avoid escaping the sandbox, given that the input was not sanitized `\\` are not properly handled and an attacker can build a path that is valid within the classpath.\n\n### PoC\n\nhttps://github.com/adrien-aubert-drovio/vertx-statichandler-windows-traversal-path-vulnerability",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "io.vertx:vertx-web"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.3.8"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vert-x3/vertx-web/security/advisories/GHSA-53jx-vvf9-4x38"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24815"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vert-x3/vertx-web/commit/9e3a783b1d1a731055e9049078b1b1494ece9c15"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vert-x3/vertx-web"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vert-x3/vertx-web/blob/62c0d66fa1c179ae6a4d57344631679a2b97e60f/vertx-web/src/main/java/io/vertx/ext/web/impl/Utils.java#L83"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-22" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-02-10T03:27:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-02-09T18:15:00Z"
  }
}