CVE-2020-15126: GraphQL Security Breach On Viewer Query Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-236h-rqv8-8q73
Share
CVSS 6.5
CWE-863
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2020-15126 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.5) security breach on viewer query vulnerability (CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization) affecting GraphQL libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves security breach on viewer query. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.3.0.

CVE-2020-15126 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2020-15126
GHSA Identifier GHSA-236h-rqv8-8q73
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.5
CWE Classification CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization
Affected Product GraphQL
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2020-15126

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected GraphQL dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

parse-server fixed: 4.3.0 
npm install parse-server@4.3.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls parse-server

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2020-15126, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls parse-server

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of GraphQL in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.3.0), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls parse-server command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization, where the product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check. In GraphQL, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact An authenticated user using the viewer GraphQL query can bypass all read security on his User object and can also bypass all objects linked via relation or Pointer on his User object. ### Patches This vulnerability has been patched in Parse Server 4.3.0. ### Workarounds No ### References See [commit 78239ac](https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/commit/78239ac9071167fdf243c55ae4bc9a2c0b0d89aa) for details.

CVE-2020-15126 Affected GraphQL Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
4.3.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
parse-server
npm/parse-server
npm
≥ 3.5.0
< 4.3.0
4.3.0

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-236h-rqv8-8q73
NVD — CVE-2020-15126 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15126
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/commit/78239ac9071167fdf243c55ae4bc9a2c0b0d89aa
GraphQL Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#430

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2020-15126?
CVE-2020-15126 is a security vulnerability in GraphQL involving Security breach on Viewer query under CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization.
Which GraphQL versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 4.3.0 across affected packages: parse-server.
What version fixes CVE-2020-15126?
Upgrading to 4.3.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is parse-server affected?
Yes, parse-server is affected in releases prior to 4.3.0. Upgrade your dependency to 4.3.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2020-15126?
CVE-2020-15126 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2020-15126?
CVE-2020-15126 is classified under CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization (The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2020-15126?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls parse-server'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-236h-rqv8-8q73",
  "modified" : "2023-10-26T11:33:39Z",
  "published" : "2020-07-22T23:06:47Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2020-15126" ],
  "summary" : "GraphQL: Security breach on Viewer query",
  "details" : "### Impact\nAn authenticated user using the viewer GraphQL query can bypass all read security on his User object and can also bypass all objects linked via relation or Pointer on his User object.\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability has been patched in Parse Server 4.3.0.\n\n### Workarounds\nNo\n\n### References\nSee [commit 78239ac](https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/commit/78239ac9071167fdf243c55ae4bc9a2c0b0d89aa) for details.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "parse-server"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.5.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.3.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-236h-rqv8-8q73"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15126"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/commit/78239ac9071167fdf243c55ae4bc9a2c0b0d89aa"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#430"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-863" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2020-07-22T23:06:30Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}