CVE-2019-5418: Actionview Path Traversal Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-86g5-2wh3-gc9j
CVSS 7.5
CWE-22
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2019-5418 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')) affecting Actionview libraries in the RubyGems ecosystem. The issue involves path traversal in action view. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 5.2.2.1, 4.2.11.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2.

CVE-2019-5418 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2019-5418
GHSA Identifier GHSA-86g5-2wh3-gc9j
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Affected Product Actionview
Package Ecosystem RubyGems
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2019-5418

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Actionview dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

actionview fixed: 5.2.2.1
Upgrade actionview to 5.2.2.1
actionview fixed: 4.2.11.1
Upgrade actionview to 4.2.11.1
actionview fixed: 5.1.6.2
Upgrade actionview to 5.1.6.2
actionview fixed: 5.0.7.2
Upgrade actionview to 5.0.7.2
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

inspect dependencies for actionview

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2019-5418, inspect your project dependencies for Actionview:

inspect dependencies for actionview

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Actionview in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 5.2.2.1), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal'), where the product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory. In Actionview, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

# File Content Disclosure in Action View Impact ------ There is a possible file content disclosure vulnerability in Action View. Specially crafted accept headers in combination with calls to `render file:` can cause arbitrary files on the target server to be rendered, disclosing the file contents. The impact is limited to calls to `render` which render file contents without a specified accept format. Impacted code in a controller looks something like this: ``` ruby class UserController < ApplicationController def index render file: "#{Rails.root}/some/file" end end ``` Rendering templates as opposed to files is not impacted by this vulnerability. All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately. Releases -------- The 6.0.0.beta3, 5.2.2.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2, and 4.2.11.1 releases are available at the normal locations. Workarounds ----------- This vulnerability can be mitigated by specifying a format for file rendering, like this: ``` ruby class UserController < ApplicationController def index render file: "#{Rails.root}/some/file", formats: [:html] end end ``` In summary, impacted calls to `render` look like this: ``` render file: "#{Rails.root}/some/file" ``` The vulnerability can be mitigated by changing to this: ``` render file: "#{Rails.root}/some/file", formats: [:html] ``` Other calls to `render` are not impacted. Alternatively, the following monkey patch can be applied in an initializer: ``` ruby $ cat config/initializers/formats_filter.rb # frozen_string_literal: true ActionDispatch::Request.prepend(Module.new do def formats super().select do |format| format.symbol || format.ref == "*/*" end end end) ``` Credits ------- Thanks to John Hawthorn <john@hawthorn.email> of GitHub

CVE-2019-5418 Affected Actionview Versions

4 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
5.2.2.14.2.11.15.1.6.25.0.7.2
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
actionview
RubyGems
≥ 5.2.0
< 5.2.2.1
5.2.2.1
actionview
RubyGems
≥ 4.0.0
< 4.2.11.1
4.2.11.1
actionview
RubyGems
≥ 5.1.0
< 5.1.6.2
5.1.6.2
actionview
RubyGems
≥ 5.0.0
< 5.0.7.2
5.0.7.2

References

NVD — CVE-2019-5418 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5418
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2019:07... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0796
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2019:11... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1147
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2019:11... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1149
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2019:12... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1289
groups.google.com/forum/ WEB
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/pFRKI96Sm8Q
groups.google.com/forum/ WEB
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/zRNVOUhKHrg
groups.google.com/forum/ WEB
https://groups.google.com/forum/#%21topic/rubyonrails-security/pFRKI96Sm8Q
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/03/msg00042.html
lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/packa... WEB
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Y43636TH4D6T46IC6N2RQVJTRFJAAYGA
lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/packa... WEB
https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Y43636TH4D6T46IC6N2RQVJTRFJAAYGA
web.archive.org/web/20190313201629/... WEB
https://web.archive.org/web/20190313201629/https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2019/3/13/Rails-4-2-5-1-5-1-6-2-have-been-released
weblog.rubyonrails.org/2019/3/13/rails-4-2... WEB
https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2019/3/13/Rails-4-2-5-1-5-1-6-2-have-been-released
www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vul... WEB
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2019-5418
www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46585 WEB
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46585
Actionview Security Information SECURITY
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00011.html
Actionview Security Information SECURITY
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152178/Rails-5.2.1-Arbitrary-File-Content-Disclosure.html
Actionview Security Information SECURITY
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/03/22/1

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2019-5418?
CVE-2019-5418 is a security vulnerability in Actionview involving Path Traversal in Action View under CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal').
Which Actionview versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 5.2.2.1, 4.2.11.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2 across affected packages: actionview.
What version fixes CVE-2019-5418?
Upgrading to 5.2.2.1, 4.2.11.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is actionview affected?
Yes, actionview is affected in releases prior to 5.2.2.1, 4.2.11.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2. Upgrade your dependency to 5.2.2.1, 4.2.11.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-5418?
CVE-2019-5418 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2019-5418?
CVE-2019-5418 is classified under CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal') (The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.).
How can I check RubyGems dependencies for CVE-2019-5418?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for actionview'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
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  "id" : "GHSA-86g5-2wh3-gc9j",
  "modified" : "2025-10-22T17:42:49Z",
  "published" : "2019-03-13T17:26:59Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2019-5418" ],
  "summary" : "Path Traversal in Action View",
  "details" : "# File Content Disclosure in Action View\n\nImpact \n------ \nThere is a possible file content disclosure vulnerability in Action View.  Specially crafted accept headers in combination with calls to `render file:`  can cause arbitrary files on the target server to be rendered, disclosing the  file contents. \n\nThe impact is limited to calls to `render` which render file contents without  a specified accept format.  Impacted code in a controller looks something like this: \n\n``` ruby\nclass UserController < ApplicationController \n  def index \n    render file: \"#{Rails.root}/some/file\" \n  end \nend \n``` \n\nRendering templates as opposed to files is not impacted by this vulnerability. \n\nAll users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately. \n\nReleases \n-------- \nThe 6.0.0.beta3, 5.2.2.1, 5.1.6.2, 5.0.7.2, and 4.2.11.1 releases are available at the normal locations. \n\nWorkarounds \n----------- \nThis vulnerability can be mitigated by specifying a format for file rendering, like this: \n\n``` ruby\nclass UserController < ApplicationController \n  def index \n    render file: \"#{Rails.root}/some/file\", formats: [:html] \n  end \nend \n``` \n\nIn summary, impacted calls to `render` look like this: \n\n``` \nrender file: \"#{Rails.root}/some/file\" \n``` \n\nThe vulnerability can be mitigated by changing to this: \n\n``` \nrender file: \"#{Rails.root}/some/file\", formats: [:html] \n``` \n\nOther calls to `render` are not impacted. \n\nAlternatively, the following monkey patch can be applied in an initializer: \n\n``` ruby\n$ cat config/initializers/formats_filter.rb \n# frozen_string_literal: true \n\nActionDispatch::Request.prepend(Module.new do \n  def formats \n    super().select do |format| \n      format.symbol || format.ref == \"*/*\" \n    end \n  end \nend) \n``` \n\nCredits \n------- \nThanks to John Hawthorn <john@hawthorn.email> of GitHub",
  "severity" : [ {
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    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:H"
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    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0796"
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    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1147"
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    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1149"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:1289"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/pFRKI96Sm8Q"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/zRNVOUhKHrg"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://groups.google.com/forum/#%21topic/rubyonrails-security/pFRKI96Sm8Q"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/03/msg00042.html"
  }, {
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    "url" : "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Y43636TH4D6T46IC6N2RQVJTRFJAAYGA"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/Y43636TH4D6T46IC6N2RQVJTRFJAAYGA"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://web.archive.org/web/20190313201629/https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2019/3/13/Rails-4-2-5-1-5-1-6-2-have-been-released"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2019/3/13/Rails-4-2-5-1-5-1-6-2-have-been-released"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2019-5418"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46585"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00011.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152178/Rails-5.2.1-Arbitrary-File-Content-Disclosure.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/03/22/1"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-22" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2020-06-16T21:24:34Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2019-03-27T14:29:01Z"
  }
}