CVE-2019-20444: Netty codec http HTTP Request Smuggling Vulnerability

Q: What is CVE-2019-20444?

CVE-2019-20444 is a security vulnerability in Netty codec http involving HTTP Request Smuggling in Netty under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling').

Q: Which Netty codec http versions are affected?

Affected versions include releases prior to 4.1.44 across affected packages: io.netty:netty-codec-http, org.jboss.netty:netty, io.netty:netty.

Q: What version fixes CVE-2019-20444?

Upgrading to 4.1.44 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.

Q: Is netty-codec-http affected?

Yes, io.netty:netty-codec-http is affected in releases prior to 4.1.44. Upgrade your dependency to 4.1.44 or later.

Q: Is netty affected?

Yes, org.jboss.netty:netty is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.

Q: What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-20444?

CVE-2019-20444 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N.

Q: What CWE is associated with CVE-2019-20444?

CVE-2019-20444 is classified under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') (The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.).

Q: How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2019-20444?

Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.

CRITICAL

Advisory Identifier: GHSA-cqqj-4p63-rrmm

CVSS 9.1

CWE-444

Published 2020-02-21

Advisory Summary

CVE-2019-20444 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.1) http request smuggling vulnerability (CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')) affecting Netty codec http libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves http request smuggling in netty. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.1.44.

CVE-2019-20444 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2019-20444

GHSA Identifier GHSA-cqqj-4p63-rrmm

Severity CRITICAL

CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.1

CWE Classification CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

Affected Product Netty codec http

Package Ecosystem Maven

Published Date 2020-02-21

Last Updated 2025-07-02

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)

Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)

Privileges Required None (PR:N)

User Interaction None (UI:N)

Scope Unchanged (S:U)

Confidentiality High (C:H)

Integrity High (I:H)

Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2019-20444

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Netty codec http dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

io.netty:netty-codec-http fixed: 4.1.44

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-codec-http</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.44</version>
</dependency>

org.jboss.netty:netty fixed: Latest secure release

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>

io.netty:netty fixed: Latest secure release

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2019-20444, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Netty codec http in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.1.44), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling'), where the product acts as an intermediary http agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed http requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination. In Netty codec http, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

HttpObjectDecoder.java in Netty before 4.1.44 allows an HTTP header that lacks a colon, which might be interpreted as a separate header with an incorrect syntax, or might be interpreted as an "invalid fold."

CVE-2019-20444 Affected Netty codec http Versions

3 component(s)

Fixed Versions:

4.1.44

Product / Package	Ecosystem	Affected Versions	Fixed Version
io.netty:netty-codec-http maven/io.netty/netty-codec-http	Maven	< 4.1.44	4.1.44
org.jboss.netty:netty maven/org.jboss.netty/netty	Maven
io.netty:netty maven/io.netty/netty	Maven

References

NVD — CVE-2019-20444 NVD

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20444

Netty codec http Source Repository REPOSITORY

https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/9866

Netty codec http Source Repository REPOSITORY

https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/9871/files#diff-e26989b9171ef22c27c9f7d80689cfb059d568c9bd10e75970d96c02d0654878

Netty codec http Source Repository REPOSITORY

https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/9871

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Netty codec http Security Information SECURITY

https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4885

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Netty codec http Source Repository REPOSITORY

https://github.com/poc-effectiveness/PoCAdaptation/tree/main/Adapted/CVE-2019-20444/5.0.0.Alpha1/exploit

Netty codec http Source Repository REPOSITORY

https://github.com/netty/netty/compare/netty-4.1.43.Final...netty-4.1.44.Final

Netty codec http Source Repository REPOSITORY

https://github.com/netty/netty

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2019-20444?

CVE-2019-20444 is a security vulnerability in Netty codec http involving HTTP Request Smuggling in Netty under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling').

Which Netty codec http versions are affected?

Affected versions include releases prior to 4.1.44 across affected packages: io.netty:netty-codec-http, org.jboss.netty:netty, io.netty:netty.

What version fixes CVE-2019-20444?

Upgrading to 4.1.44 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.

Is netty-codec-http affected?

Yes, io.netty:netty-codec-http is affected in releases prior to 4.1.44. Upgrade your dependency to 4.1.44 or later.

Is netty affected?

Yes, org.jboss.netty:netty is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.

What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-20444?

CVE-2019-20444 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N.

What CWE is associated with CVE-2019-20444?

CVE-2019-20444 is classified under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') (The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.).

How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2019-20444?

Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.

Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema

Normalized schema output

View Raw JSON

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-cqqj-4p63-rrmm",
  "modified" : "2025-07-02T15:50:12Z",
  "published" : "2020-02-21T18:55:24Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2019-20444" ],
  "summary" : "HTTP Request Smuggling in Netty",
  "details" : "HttpObjectDecoder.java in Netty before 4.1.44 allows an HTTP header that lacks a colon, which might be interpreted as a separate header with an incorrect syntax, or might be interpreted as an \"invalid fold.\"",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "io.netty:netty-codec-http"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.1.44"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.jboss.netty:netty"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "< 4.0.0"
    }
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "io.netty:netty"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "< 4.0.0"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20444"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/9866"
  }, {
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  }, {
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    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty/pull/9871"
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  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-444" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2020-02-20T20:54:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2020-01-29T21:15:00Z"
  }
}

CVSS V3

9.1 CRITICAL

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)

Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)

Privileges Required None (PR:N)

User Interaction None (UI:N)

Scope Unchanged (S:U)

Confidentiality High (C:H)

Integrity High (I:H)

Availability None (A:N)

Vector String

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Advisory Metadata

Source ID: GHSA-cqqj-4p63-rrmm
Schema Version: 1.4.0
Published: 2020-02-21 18:55
Last Modified: 2025-07-02 15:50
Database Record File: advisories/github-reviewed/2020/02/GHSA-cqqj-4p63-rrmm/GHSA-cqqj-4p63-rrmm.json